Question 1

Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition.
-​process by which atoms from different molecules are recombined to form new molecules
A)​reactant
B)​product
C)​ATP
D)​activation energy
E)​reaction
F)​phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 2

​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition.
-​phosphate-group transfer
A)​reactant
B)​product
C)​ATP
D)​activation energy
E)​reaction
F)​phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 3

Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition.
-​molecule remaining at the end of a reaction
A)​reactant
B)​product
C)​ATP
D)​activation energy
E)​reaction
F)​phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 4

A solute passively diffuses through a transport protein out of the cell, therefore, ____.

Accepted Answer

Passive diffusion through a transport protein (facilitated diffusion) occurs down the concentration gradient, meaning the solute moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Therefore, if the solute is diffusing out of the cell, its concentration must be higher inside the cell than outside.

Question 5

Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition.
-​minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction
A)​reactant
B)​product
C)​ATP
D)​activation energy
E)​reaction
F)​phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 6

Calcium ion concentrations are tightly regulated because of the importance of calcium in biological functions. Calcium ion concentrations are ____ inside the cell than/as they are outside the cell.

Accepted Answer

Calcium ion concentrations are much lower inside the cell compared to outside. This gradient is crucial for processes such as muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and cell signaling.

Question 7

​Once glucose has entered a cell, what prevents it from diffusing back out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme hexokinase in most cells (or glucokinase in liver and pancreatic cells). This phosphorylation traps glucose within the cell because the glucose-6-phosphate cannot easily cross the cell membrane, effectively preventing it from diffusing back out of the cell.

Question 8

​Osmosis is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is a type of passive transport where water molecules move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, without the need for energy.

Question 9

​Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires ____.

Accepted Answer

Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient is an active process that requires energy, typically in the form of ATP, because it involves moving substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, which is against the natural diffusion gradient.

Question 10

How do sodium-potassium pumps work?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-potassium pumps work by actively transporting 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2 potassium ions into the cell against their concentration gradients, using ATP as an energy source. This creates an electrochemical gradient essential for various cellular processes.

Question 11

​Movement of substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is called ____.

Accepted Answer

Active transport is the process by which substances move across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient with the use of energy in the form of ATP.

Question 12

Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with its appropriate question number.
-proteins and molecules that generate the energy for the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP
A)active site
B)adenosine triphosphate
C)electron transfer chain
D)denaturation
E)feedback inhibition
F)phosphorylation
G)enzyme
H)cofactor

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 13

​Glucose is transported into a cell by ____.

Accepted Answer

Glucose is transported into cells through facilitated diffusion, which is a process where molecules move across cell membranes through protein channels without the expenditure of cellular energy.

Question 14

​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition.
-​the main energy carrier between reaction sites in cells
A)​reactant
B)​product
C)​ATP
D)​activation energy
E)​reaction
F)​phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 15

​The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane is the definition of ____.

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis is the process where a cell engulfs external substances, fluids, and macromolecules, including other cells, by folding its membrane inward and forming a vesicle. This definition specifically describes a form of endocytosis.

Question 16

When a phosphate group is transferred from ATP, active transport pumps ____.

Accepted Answer

Active transport pumps change their shapes when a phosphate group is transferred from ATP, allowing them to move substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient.

Question 17

Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition.
-​molecule that enters a reaction
A)​reactant
B)​product
C)​ATP
D)​activation energy
E)​reaction
F)​phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
​Answer the questions by matching each word...

Question 18

To engulf a bacterium, a white blood cell would use ____.

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis is the process by which cells, such as white blood cells, engulf and digest large particles or microorganisms, like bacteria. This is a form of endocytosis, where the cell membrane wraps around the particle and engulfs it, forming a phagosome.

Question 19

The initial event that triggers phagocytosis is when the ____.

Accepted Answer

The initial event that triggers phagocytosis is when the target protein binds to the receptor on the phagocyte's surface. This binding signals the cell to start engulfing the target.

Question 20

​Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of ____ concentration to areas of ____ concentration.

Accepted Answer

Active transport pumps move solutes from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration, against the concentration gradient, often requiring energy input in the form of ATP.

Quiz 4: Energy and Metabolism

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -process by which atoms from different molecules are recombined to form new molecules A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -phosphate-group transfer A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -molecule remaining at the end of a reaction A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

A solute passively diffuses through a transport protein out of the cell, therefore, ____.

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Calcium ion concentrations are tightly regulated because of the importance of calcium in biological functions. Calcium ion concentrations are ____ inside the cell than/as they are outside the cell.

Once glucose has entered a cell, what prevents it from diffusing back out of the cell?

Osmosis is an example of ____.

Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires ____.

How do sodium-potassium pumps work?

Movement of substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is called ____.

Glucose is transported into a cell by ____.

Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -the main energy carrier between reaction sites in cells A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane is the definition of ____.

When a phosphate group is transferred from ATP, active transport pumps ____.

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -molecule that enters a reaction A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

To engulf a bacterium, a white blood cell would use ____.

The initial event that triggers phagocytosis is when the ____.

Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of concentration to areas of concentration.

Quiz 4: Energy and Metabolism

Matching ​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -​process by which atoms from different molecules are recombined to form new molecules A)​reactant B)​product C)​ATP D)​activation energy E)​reaction F)​phosphorylation

​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -​phosphate-group transfer A)​reactant B)​product C)​ATP D)​activation energy E)​reaction F)​phosphorylation

Matching ​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -​molecule remaining at the end of a reaction A)​reactant B)​product C)​ATP D)​activation energy E)​reaction F)​phosphorylation

A solute passively diffuses through a transport protein out of the cell, therefore, ____.

Matching ​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -​minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction A)​reactant B)​product C)​ATP D)​activation energy E)​reaction F)​phosphorylation

Calcium ion concentrations are tightly regulated because of the importance of calcium in biological functions. Calcium ion concentrations are ____ inside the cell than/as they are outside the cell.

​Once glucose has entered a cell, what prevents it from diffusing back out of the cell?

​Osmosis is an example of ____.

​Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires ____.

How do sodium-potassium pumps work?

​Movement of substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is called ____.

​Glucose is transported into a cell by ____.

​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -​the main energy carrier between reaction sites in cells A)​reactant B)​product C)​ATP D)​activation energy E)​reaction F)​phosphorylation

​The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane is the definition of ____.

When a phosphate group is transferred from ATP, active transport pumps ____.

Matching ​Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -​molecule that enters a reaction A)​reactant B)​product C)​ATP D)​activation energy E)​reaction F)​phosphorylation

To engulf a bacterium, a white blood cell would use ____.

The initial event that triggers phagocytosis is when the ____.

​Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of ____ concentration to areas of ____ concentration.

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -process by which atoms from different molecules are recombined to form new molecules A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -phosphate-group transfer A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -molecule remaining at the end of a reaction A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Once glucose has entered a cell, what prevents it from diffusing back out of the cell?

Osmosis is an example of ____.

Transporting a solute against its concentration gradient requires ____.

Movement of substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is called ____.

Glucose is transported into a cell by ____.

Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -the main energy carrier between reaction sites in cells A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane is the definition of ____.

Matching Answer the questions by matching each word or groups of words with the appropriate definition. -molecule that enters a reaction A)reactant B)product C)ATP D)activation energy E)reaction F)phosphorylation

Active transport pumps typically move solutes from areas of concentration to areas of concentration.