Question 1

The method section should contain enough information for
A) another experimenter to replicate the study.
B) the reader to have a general understanding of how the study was done.
C) the reader to have a vague idea of how the study was done.
D) someone to know exactly what statistical analyses were performed in the experiment.

Accepted Answer

The method section should provide enough detail for another researcher to replicate the study, ensuring the reliability and validity of the research findings.

Question 2

Which section of the journal would you turn to if you wanted to know what variables were used in an experiment?
A) introduction
B) method
C) results
D) discussion

Accepted Answer

The method section of a journal article describes how the experiment was conducted, including the variables that were manipulated or measured.

Question 3

Which of the following should NOT be included in the method section?
A) how the participants were selected
B) the instructions provided
C) the statistical design
D) the results of the statistical analysis

Accepted Answer

The method section should include details on how the study was conducted, such as participant selection, instructions given, and the statistical design used, but not the results of the statistical analysis. The results are typically reported in a separate section.

Question 4

Which of the following would you be unlikely to find in the results section in a journal article?
A) graphs
B) summary tables
C) inferential statistics
D) raw data

Accepted Answer

Raw data is typically not included in the results section of a journal article. Instead, this section usually presents summarized data, such as through graphs, summary tables, and inferential statistics, to convey the findings of the study in a concise and understandable manner. Raw data is often too voluminous and detailed for inclusion in the main text and may be provided in supplementary materials if at all.

Question 5

Which section of a journal article is the writer usually the most creative?
A) introduction
B) method
C) results
D) discussion.

Accepted Answer

The discussion section of a journal article allows the writer to interpret the results, compare them with previous work, discuss the implications, and propose future research directions. This section often requires creativity in synthesizing findings, drawing conclusions, and suggesting the broader impact of the research.

Question 6

F(4, 60) = 15.10, p < .01 means that if the experiment were performed 100 times, the results would be similar in at least _________ cases.
A) 90
B) 95
C) 99
D) 100

Accepted Answer

The p-value (< .01) indicates that there is less than a 1% chance of observing the experimental results if the null hypothesis were true. Therefore, in at least 99 out of 100 cases, the results would be similar, reflecting a high level of statistical significance.

Question 7

The __________ is a short paragraph that summarizes the key points of an article.
A) introduction
B) method section
C) results section
D) abstract

Accepted Answer

The abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding, or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose.

Question 8

In the results section, inferential statistics are presented to
A) summarize the data.
B) enable the reader to decide whether or not the data are reliable.
C) enable the reader to decide whether or not the data are important.
D) enable the author to demonstrate that his results actually tested the hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the results section, inferential statistics are...

Question 9

The careful writer of an article or report avoids language that is
A) sexist.
B) ambiguous.
C) suspenseful.
D) all of these.

Accepted Answer

The careful writer avoids language that is sexist (to ensure inclusivity and respect for all genders), ambiguous (to ensure clarity and prevent misunderstandings), and suspenseful (in most academic or formal writing, the goal is to communicate information clearly and directly, not to create suspense).

Question 10

Which of the following would NOT be found in the methods section?
A) how many participants or subjects were used
B) how the participants or subjects were selected
C) where the participants or subjects came from
D) the individual responses of each participant

Accepted Answer

The methods section typically includes information about the number of participants, how they were selected, and their origin, but it does not detail individual responses, which are usually found in the results section.

Question 11

A journal article title should be
A) long, describing the variables and the most significant result.
B) short, but giving some idea of the contents of the article.
C) composed of a title and several subtitles corresponding to the method, results, and discussion sections.
D) vague and uninformative.

Accepted Answer

A journal article title should be concise yet informative, providing a clear idea of the article's content without being overly long or detailed. This helps readers quickly understand the focus of the research.

Question 12

One might describe the apparatus used in an experiment in the
A) introduction.
B) method section.
C) results section.
D) discussion.

Accepted Answer

The method section of a scientific paper is the appropriate place to describe the apparatus used in an experiment, as it details the procedures, materials, and equipment used to conduct the research.

Question 13

The appropriate level of significance for the statistical analysis of a given experiment is determined by
A) the situation.
B) the number of participants in the study.
C) what everybody else does.
D) the particular journal.

Accepted Answer

The appropriate level of significance for statistical analysis is determined by the specific situation or context of the experiment, including its objectives, field of study, and potential consequences of errors.

Question 14

Theoretical conclusions are usually stated in the
A) introduction.
B) method section.
C) results section.
D) discussion.

Accepted Answer

Theoretical conclusions are typically stated in the discussion section of a paper or report. This section interprets the results, links them back to the theory or hypotheses presented earlier, and discusses their implications.

Question 15

In general, use the past tense
A) in the review of studies in the introduction and in the method.
B) only in the method.
C) only in the introduction.
D) only in the results.

Accepted Answer

In academic writing, especially in the introduction where previous studies are reviewed, and in the method section where past procedures are described, the past tense is generally used to indicate that the studies and actions were completed in the past.

Question 16

The method section should contain
A) information about the participants.
B) a description of the apparatus used in the experiment.
C) the procedure of the experiment.
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

The method section of a research paper or report should include information about the participants, a description of the apparatus or tools used in the experiment, and a detailed account of the procedure followed during the experiment. This ensures that the study can be replicated and that the methods are transparent.

Question 17

Which of the following should be included in the introduction of a journal article?
A) the obtained results
B) the hypothesis to be tested
C) the experimental design
D) the apparatus used in the experiment

Accepted Answer

The introduction of a journal article typically includes the hypothesis to be tested, setting the stage for the reader by outlining the research question or problem the study aims to address.

Question 18

In a manuscript or report, you should
A) indicate where the tables should be placed in the discussion.
B) place all tables on the same page, but place each figure on a separate page.
C) number each table consecutively, and place each table on a separate page.
D) avoid using tables or figures.

Accepted Answer

Tables should be numbered consecutively and placed on separate pages to maintain clarity and organization in the manuscript or report. This approach helps in easy reference and avoids cluttering the text.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the reference section?
A) The reference section contains exact titles of articles.
B) Only articles cited in the text appear in the references.
C) The contents of the reference section can be informative about the merit of an article.
D) The reference section provides a complete bibliography on the topic of the report.

Accepted Answer

The reference section does not provide a complete bibliography on the topic of the report; it only includes works that were specifically cited within the text.

Question 20

The first part of a psychology article is
A)the heading introduction.
B)the title.
C)a brief summary of new findings.
D)the major result of the experiment.

Accepted Answer

The title is the first part of a psychology article, serving as the heading that provides the reader with the topic or main focus of the article.

Quiz 5: How to Read and Write Research Reports

The method section should contain enough information for

Which section of the journal would you turn to if you wanted to know what variables were used in an experiment?

Which of the following should NOT be included in the method section?

Which of the following would you be unlikely to find in the results section in a journal article?

Which section of a journal article is the writer usually the most creative?

F(4, 60) = 15.10, p < .01 means that if the experiment were performed 100 times, the results would be similar in at least _________ cases.

The __________ is a short paragraph that summarizes the key points of an article.

In the results section, inferential statistics are presented to

The careful writer of an article or report avoids language that is

Which of the following would NOT be found in the methods section?

A journal article title should be

One might describe the apparatus used in an experiment in the

The appropriate level of significance for the statistical analysis of a given experiment is determined by

Theoretical conclusions are usually stated in the

In general, use the past tense

The method section should contain

Which of the following should be included in the introduction of a journal article?

In a manuscript or report, you should

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the reference section?

The first part of a psychology article is