Question 1

The economist Gary Becker concluded that discrimination occurs because of people's:

Accepted Answer

Gary Becker's theory of discrimination is based on the idea that individuals have preferences and that discrimination can occur when individuals act on their preferences even if it leads to unequal outcomes for certain groups. This is different from the belief that discrimination occurs because of innate meanness or greed. Lack of education may contribute to discrimination in some cases, but it is not the underlying cause according to Becker's theory.

Question 2

Economists define discrimination as occurring when:

Accepted Answer

Discrimination occurs when individuals with similar characteristics (such as education, experience, and job performance) experience different economic outcomes (such as wages and job opportunities) due to noneconomic factors such as race, gender, and age. Option A refers only to income differences, which are not always indicative of discrimination. Option C is an example of discrimination but is specific to gender, whereas discrimination can occur based on other noneconomic factors as well. Option D is a vague statement that does not capture the economic consequences of discrimination.

Question 3

In determining the official poverty rate in the United States:

Accepted Answer

The official poverty rate in the United States is determined by counting only cash income, excluding noncash benefits such as food stamps, housing assistance, and Medicaid.

Question 4

According to consumer choice theory, poor people, from their own perspective, are better off with:

Accepted Answer

Consumer choice theory suggests that individuals, regardless of their income level, always have preferences and choices. Poor individuals are likely to prefer cash assistance because it provides them with the flexibility and autonomy to allocate funds to their most pressing needs, whether it be food, housing, or healthcare. Noncash assistance, such as vouchers or in-kind goods, may limit the range of choices for poor individuals and may not align with their preferences or needs. Thus, poor individuals are likely to be better off with cash assistance rather than noncash assistance.

Question 5

A money payment that a recipient may spend as he or she wishes is:

Accepted Answer

A money payment that a recipient may spend as he or she wishes is referred to as cash assistance. Cash assistance is a type of welfare support that is given in the form of cash payments to eligible individuals or families to help them meet their basic needs, such as food, housing, and clothing. Unlike noncash assistance, which includes services like Medicaid or food stamps, cash assistance provides recipients with direct financial support.

Question 6

For the most part, poverty programs are funded by _______ government(s)
.

Accepted Answer

Poverty programs are primarily funded by the federal government. Although some state and local governments may provide additional funding, the bulk of the funding comes from the federal government through programs such as Medicaid, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF).

Question 7

After adjusting for noncash aid, the poverty rate in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

Adjusting for noncash aid such as food stamps and housing subsidies lowers the poverty rate in the United States, which means that the poverty rate is lower than what it would be without considering such aid.

Question 8

The text concludes that poor people, from their own perspective, would be better off with _______ than with _______ .

Accepted Answer

Cash grants provide poor people with the flexibility to address their most pressing needs directly, unlike noncash aid, which may not align with their immediate priorities or circumstances.

Question 9

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996 eliminated:

Accepted Answer

The welfare reform in 1996 eliminated the entitlement aspect of welfare, meaning that individuals were no longer guaranteed benefits solely based on their economic status. Instead, states were given more autonomy in designing their own welfare programs and setting work requirements for recipients.

Question 10

In general, cash assistance is _______ noncash assistance in the welfare and poverty alleviation programs in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The United States welfare and poverty alleviation programs offer various forms of assistance such as food stamps, housing subsidies, and Medicaid. Cash assistance is typically provided through programs like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and is generally considered to be significantly less than noncash assistance options like food stamps or housing subsidies.

Question 11

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996:

Accepted Answer

The welfare reform of 1996, also known as the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, gave states more control over their welfare programs. This included the ability to design their own programs and set eligibility requirements. The reform did not include options A, C, or D.

Question 12

One explanation for why the poor tend to receive more noncash assistance than cash assistance is that:

Accepted Answer

Taxpayers and policymakers may prefer to provide noncash assistance such as food stamps, housing subsidies, and Medicaid because it can be easier to control how the assistance is used and to ensure that it is used for its intended purpose, rather than providing cash assistance which may be used for non-essential items. Additionally, providing noncash assistance can reduce the stigma associated with receiving government aid.

Question 13

The Case in Point titled "Welfare Reform in Britain and the United States indicated that the program in _____ did not require recipients to obtain jobs and that the reduction in case loads was smaller in _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Case in Point titled "Welfare Reform...

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions 
Exhibit: Discrimination Model 
-(Exhibit: Discrimination Model)
If there is no discrimination in the market and blacks have the same demand and supply curves as whites, then the wage will be _______ and the quantity of labor hired will be _______ .

Accepted Answer

If there is no discrimination and both blacks and whites have the same demand and supply curves, then the wage will be determined by the intersection of the supply and demand curves (W) and the quantity of labor hired will be equal to the level where the wage intersects the supply curve for labor (L). Option A and D include a shift in either supply or demand curves for blacks, which is not given in the scenario. Option B only provides the wage but not the quantity of labor hired. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 15

The provision of specific goods and services to poor people is:

Accepted Answer

Noncash assistance refers to providing specific goods and services directly to individuals in need, rather than giving them cash. This can include things like food stamps, vouchers for housing or healthcare, or subsidies for childcare. Noncash assistance is often seen as a more effective way to help people who are struggling financially, as it ensures that the help is used for the specific purpose it was intended for.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true regarding welfare reform in 1996?

Accepted Answer

Welfare reform in 1996, also known as the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), was designed to move people out of welfare and into work. It implemented new measures such as work requirements, time limits, and stricter eligibility criteria to reduce dependency on welfare and promote self-sufficiency.

Question 17

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996:

Accepted Answer

The welfare reform in 1996, also known as the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, defined a maximum period of eligibility for welfare benefits, limiting individuals to only receive aid for a total of five years in their lifetime. This reform aimed to encourage and incentivize individuals to find work and become self-sufficient, rather than relying on long-term welfare assistance. The other options listed (B, C, and D) are not accurate as the reform actually gave states more flexibility in designing their own welfare programs, decreased noncash benefits after 2 years, and did not include any provisions to increase cash benefits after 2 years.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Cash benefits often provide more satisfaction because they offer recipients the flexibility to spend on what they perceive as their most pressing needs, unlike noncash benefits which are restricted in use.

Question 19

One explanation for why the poor tend to receive more noncash assistance than cash assistance is that:

Accepted Answer

This is because providers of noncash assistance like food banks, housing assistance programs, and healthcare providers often have more political power and resources to lobby for funding and support from government and private sources. Additionally, noncash assistance may be less prone to misuse or abuse compared to cash assistance, which may also influence the distribution of aid.

Question 20

When people with similar economic characteristics experience different economic outcomes because of their race, sex, or other noneconomic characteristics the result is:

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes discrimination, which occurs when individuals are treated differently or unfairly based on their race, sex, or other noneconomic characteristics, resulting in unequal economic outcomes. Uncertainty, efficiency, and marginality do not accurately describe this situation.

Quiz 18: Inequality, Poverty, and Discrimination

The economist Gary Becker concluded that discrimination occurs because of people's:

Economists define discrimination as occurring when:

In determining the official poverty rate in the United States:

According to consumer choice theory, poor people, from their own perspective, are better off with:

A money payment that a recipient may spend as he or she wishes is:

For the most part, poverty programs are funded by _______ government(s) .

After adjusting for noncash aid, the poverty rate in the United States is:

The text concludes that poor people, from their own perspective, would be better off with _ than with _ .

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996 eliminated:

In general, cash assistance is _______ noncash assistance in the welfare and poverty alleviation programs in the United States.

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996:

One explanation for why the poor tend to receive more noncash assistance than cash assistance is that:

The Case in Point titled "Welfare Reform in Britain and the United States indicated that the program in _ did not require recipients to obtain jobs and that the reduction in case loads was smaller in _.

Use the following to answer questions Exhibit: Discrimination Model -(Exhibit: Discrimination Model) If there is no discrimination in the market and blacks have the same demand and supply curves as whites, then the wage will be _ and the quantity of labor hired will be _ .

The provision of specific goods and services to poor people is:

Which of the following statements is true regarding welfare reform in 1996?

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996:

Which of the following statements is true?

One explanation for why the poor tend to receive more noncash assistance than cash assistance is that:

When people with similar economic characteristics experience different economic outcomes because of their race, sex, or other noneconomic characteristics the result is:

Quiz 18: Inequality, Poverty, and Discrimination

The economist Gary Becker concluded that discrimination occurs because of people's:

Economists define discrimination as occurring when:

In determining the official poverty rate in the United States:

According to consumer choice theory, poor people, from their own perspective, are better off with:

A money payment that a recipient may spend as he or she wishes is:

For the most part, poverty programs are funded by _______ government(s) .

After adjusting for noncash aid, the poverty rate in the United States is:

The text concludes that poor people, from their own perspective, would be better off with _______ than with _______ .

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996 eliminated:

In general, cash assistance is _______ noncash assistance in the welfare and poverty alleviation programs in the United States.

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996:

One explanation for why the poor tend to receive more noncash assistance than cash assistance is that:

The Case in Point titled "Welfare Reform in Britain and the United States indicated that the program in _____ did not require recipients to obtain jobs and that the reduction in case loads was smaller in _____.

Use the following to answer questions Exhibit: Discrimination Model -(Exhibit: Discrimination Model) If there is no discrimination in the market and blacks have the same demand and supply curves as whites, then the wage will be _______ and the quantity of labor hired will be _______ .

The provision of specific goods and services to poor people is:

Which of the following statements is true regarding welfare reform in 1996?

Reform to the welfare system in the United States in 1996:

Which of the following statements is true?

One explanation for why the poor tend to receive more noncash assistance than cash assistance is that:

When people with similar economic characteristics experience different economic outcomes because of their race, sex, or other noneconomic characteristics the result is:

The text concludes that poor people, from their own perspective, would be better off with _ than with _ .

The Case in Point titled "Welfare Reform in Britain and the United States indicated that the program in _ did not require recipients to obtain jobs and that the reduction in case loads was smaller in _.

Use the following to answer questions Exhibit: Discrimination Model -(Exhibit: Discrimination Model) If there is no discrimination in the market and blacks have the same demand and supply curves as whites, then the wage will be _ and the quantity of labor hired will be _ .