Question 1

An individual adaptive zone can be occupied by how many different species?
A) one
B) two
C) hundreds
D) thousands
E) an infinite number

Accepted Answer

The answer of An individual adaptive zone can be occupied...

Question 2

The biological species concept declares an organism to be a separate species if it has undergone evolution long enough for the emergence of statistically unique traits.
_____________

Accepted Answer

evolutionary

Question 3

Define paedomorphosis and allometric growth, and briefly explain how each contributes to the process of macroevolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define paedomorphosis and allometric growth, and briefly...

Question 4

When larval or juvenile characteristics are retained in the adult stage, it is known as:
A) paedomorphosis.
B) allometry.
C) adaptive radiation.
D) stasis.
E) preadaptation.

Accepted Answer

Paedomorphosis is the retention of juvenile or larval traits in the adult stage of an organism.

Question 5

Identify three reproductive isolating mechanisms and briefly outline how each may contribute to the formation of new species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify three reproductive isolating mechanisms and briefly...

Question 6

A newly evolved species may take over an ecological role or ecological niche that is already occupied if the new species has:
A) the ability to alter or change the environmental parameters.
B) features that make it competitively superior to the original occupant of that niche.
C) the ability to evolve through natural selection, whereas the original occupant cannot continue to evolve.
D) the ability to grow to a larger size, thus providing it with a selective advantage.
E) fitness that is almost as high as the fitness of the original species.

Accepted Answer

A newly evolved species can take over an ecological niche if it has features that make it competitively superior to the original occupant, allowing it to outcompete and replace the original species in that niche.

Question 7

Habitat changes for cichlids living in Lake Victoria are causing a change in:
A) mate choice.
B) species diversity.
C) coloration of male cichlids.
D) frequency of hybrids.
E) All of these.

Accepted Answer

Habitat changes in Lake Victoria affect mate choice, species diversity, coloration of male cichlids, and the frequency of hybrids, as these factors are interconnected in the ecosystem.

Question 8

Figure 20-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). 
-Refer to Figure 20-2.The type of speciation mechanism that occurred between the Poo-uli and the Apapane is most likely:
A) allopatric speciation.
B) allopolyploidy.
C) sympatric speciation.
D) punctuated equilibrium.
E) macroevolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 20-2
Use the figure to answer the...

Question 9

Speciation is more likely to occur if the isolated population is large.
_______

Accepted Answer

small

Question 10

Differentiate between macroevolution, microevolution, and speciation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between macroevolution, microevolution, and speciation....

Question 11

What type of speciation is most common in animals?
A) hybridization
B) allopatric
C) allopolyploidy
D) sympatric
E) paedomorphosis

Accepted Answer

Allopatric speciation is the most common form of speciation in animals, occurring when populations are geographically separated, leading to reproductive isolation and divergence into new species.

Question 12

The area where two populations overlap and breeding occurs, even if biologists consider the populations to be different species, is known as:
A) a homozygous zone.
B) a hybrid zone.
C) an autologous zone.
D) an adaptive zone.
E) a primary zone.

Accepted Answer

A hybrid zone is an area where two different species meet and interbreed, producing hybrid offspring.

Question 13

It is hypothesized that the high diversity of rock-dwelling species within the cichlids is due to:
A) allopolyploidy.
B) poor water quality.
C) polyploidy coloration.
D) disruptive sexual selection.
E) macroevolution.

Accepted Answer

Disruptive sexual selection can lead to high diversity as it promotes the evolution of distinct traits within a population, which can result in speciation and increased diversity among rock-dwelling cichlids.

Question 14

An alloploid contains multiple sets of chromosomes from a single species.
______

Accepted Answer

autoploid

Question 15

Compare and contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation....

Question 16

Alloploidy provides a mechanism for slow speciation.
________

Accepted Answer

rapid

Question 17

Hybrid inviabiliy can increase over generations.
____________

Accepted Answer

breakdown

Question 18

Reinforcement is an evolutionary process that occurs in a hybrid zone in which parental species adapt to two different communities, and the hybrids thrive in an area of transition between the parental communities.
_______

Accepted Answer

Stability

Question 19

Figure 20-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). 
-If two populations diverge geographically and/or genetically from each other, and the process continues long enough, they may become two different:
A) species.
B) hybrids.
C) polyploids.
D) allopolyploids.
E) euploids.

Accepted Answer

When two populations diverge geographically and/or genetically over time, they may accumulate enough differences to become reproductively isolated, leading to the formation of two distinct species.

Question 20

Sexual isolation occurs when the egg proteins bind only complementary molecules on species specific sperm.
____________

Accepted Answer

Gametic

Quiz 20: Speciation and Macroevolution

An individual adaptive zone can be occupied by how many different species?

The biological species concept declares an organism to be a separate species if it has undergone evolution long enough for the emergence of statistically unique traits. _____________

Define paedomorphosis and allometric growth, and briefly explain how each contributes to the process of macroevolution.

When larval or juvenile characteristics are retained in the adult stage, it is known as:

Identify three reproductive isolating mechanisms and briefly outline how each may contribute to the formation of new species.

A newly evolved species may take over an ecological role or ecological niche that is already occupied if the new species has:

Habitat changes for cichlids living in Lake Victoria are causing a change in:

Figure 20-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s) . -Refer to Figure 20-2.The type of speciation mechanism that occurred between the Poo-uli and the Apapane is most likely:

Speciation is more likely to occur if the isolated population is large. _______

Differentiate between macroevolution, microevolution, and speciation.

What type of speciation is most common in animals?

The area where two populations overlap and breeding occurs, even if biologists consider the populations to be different species, is known as:

It is hypothesized that the high diversity of rock-dwelling species within the cichlids is due to:

An alloploid contains multiple sets of chromosomes from a single species. ______

Compare and contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation.

Alloploidy provides a mechanism for slow speciation. ________

Hybrid inviabiliy can increase over generations. ____________

Reinforcement is an evolutionary process that occurs in a hybrid zone in which parental species adapt to two different communities, and the hybrids thrive in an area of transition between the parental communities. _______

Figure 20-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s) . -If two populations diverge geographically and/or genetically from each other, and the process continues long enough, they may become two different:

Sexual isolation occurs when the egg proteins bind only complementary molecules on species specific sperm. ____________