Question 1

All of the following are justifications for community-based corrections programs EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Community-based corrections programs do not primarily aim to satisfy the public's need for punishment, but rather to provide effective alternatives to incarceration and promote offender rehabilitation and reintegration.

Question 2

The ideal probation officer-offender relationship is based on ____.

Accepted Answer

The ideal probation officer-offender relationship is based on trust. This means that the probation officer and offender should have a positive and respectful relationship, with open communication and mutual respect. Without trust, it is difficult for the offender to be receptive to the officer's guidance and supervision, which can hinder the success of the rehabilitation process. While authority, investigations, and supervision are important aspects of the probation officer's role, they should not be the foundation of the relationship.

Question 3

About ______________ of all probationers have been found guilty of a felony.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

A strategy to divert those offenders who qualify away from prison and jail and toward community-based and intermediate sanctions is:

Accepted Answer

Diversion programs offer alternative options to incarceration, such as probation, community service, or substance abuse treatment, which can be tailored to the individual’s needs while still holding them accountable for their actions. This strategy can help reduce overcrowding in prisons and jails while providing offenders with the resources they need to succeed and reduce their likelihood of reoffending.

Question 5

Which goal of corrections focuses on preparing the offender for a return to the community unmarred by further criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

The goal of reintegration is to prepare the offender for a successful return to the community without committing further crimes. This includes providing education, job training, and other programs that will help the offender reintegrate into society.

Question 6

Which type of condition reflects the seriousness of the offense and is included to increase the punishment of the offender?

Accepted Answer

Punitive conditions are included in sentencing to increase the punishment of the offender and reflect the seriousness of the offense committed. Community conditions refer to requirements for the offender to participate in programs or activities within the community, treatment conditions refer to requirements for the offender to participate in counseling, therapy, or rehabilitation programs, and standard conditions refer to commonly imposed requirements such as reporting to a probation officer and refraining from committing new offenses.

Question 7

In this arrangement, an offender is sentenced to prison or jail with the understanding that after a period of time, he or she may petition the court to be released on probation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In this arrangement, an offender is sentenced...

Question 8

An offender would likely be denied probation in all of the following circumstances EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The answer of An offender would likely be denied probation...

Question 9

In which court case did the U.S.Supreme Court rule that a meeting between a probation officer and client does not equal custody, and therefore, the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination does not apply?

Accepted Answer

In Minnesota v. Murphy, the Supreme Court ruled that a probation meeting does not constitute custody, so the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination does not apply.

Question 10

With ____, the offender spends a certain amount of time each week, usually the weekends, in a jail, workhouse, or other government institution.

Accepted Answer

Intermittent incarceration is the option where the offender is required to spend a certain amount of time each week in a government institution, usually on the weekends. The goal of intermittent incarceration is to provide punishment while still allowing the offender to maintain employment, attend school, or care for their family during the week. Shock incarceration, on the other hand, involves a short-term, intense period of incarceration followed by community supervision, while a suspended sentence involves a legal punishment that is not enforced unless the offender commits another offense. Split sentence probation refers to the combination of a short jail sentence followed by probation.

Question 11

As a means to reverse patterns of self-destructive behavior, ____ conditions are imposed on the offender.

Accepted Answer

Treatment conditions are typically imposed on offenders who exhibit self-destructive behavior as a means to help them overcome their negative patterns and make positive changes in their lives. Treatment conditions may involve attending therapy sessions, joining support groups, or participating in other rehabilitation programs intended to address the underlying issues that contribute to the offender's self-destructive behavior. Punitive conditions, on the other hand, are designed to punish offenders for their behavior rather than help them change it, while standard and community conditions may not specifically target self-destructive behavior.

Question 12

During this hearing the probation agency presents evidence to support its claim of violation, and the probationer can attempt to refute this evidence.

Accepted Answer

The probation agency presents evidence to support its claim of violation and the probationer can attempt to refute this evidence during a revocation hearing.

Question 13

Conditions imposed on all probationers are:

Accepted Answer

Standard conditions are imposed on all probationers, and vary depending on the jurisdiction, but typically include requirements such as reporting to a probation officer, notifying the officer of any change of address or employment, refraining from alcohol and drugs, not committing any new crimes, and submitting to drug tests. Community, punitive, and treatment conditions may be added as needed based on the individual's specific case.

Question 14

In this appearance before a "disinterested person," the facts of a probation violation or arrest are presented, and it is determined whether probable cause for revoking probation exists.

Accepted Answer

A preliminary hearing is held before a disinterested person, usually a judge or magistrate, to determine whether there is enough evidence for a trial or to proceed with revocation proceedings. This hearing is typically held for cases involving probation violations or arrests while on probation. If probable cause is found, a revocation hearing will be scheduled.

Question 15

In general, the conditions placed on a probationer fall into three categories.Which of the following is not one of these conditions?

Accepted Answer

Community conditions are not typically categorized as one of the standard conditions placed on a probationer. The three main categories are punitive, standard, and treatment conditions.

Question 16

Reintegration has a strong theoretical basis in the ____ philosophy of punishment.

Accepted Answer

Reintegration has a strong theoretical basis in rehabilitation philosophy of punishment. Rehabilitation focuses on reforming offenders and helping them reintegrate into society as productive members instead of punishing them for their crimes.

Question 17

In ____, also known as shock probation, the offender is sentenced to a specific amount of time in prison or jail, to be followed by a period of probation.

Accepted Answer

Split sentence probation, also known as shock probation, involves sentencing the offender to a specific amount of time in prison or jail, to be followed by a period of probation. This method is often used as a way to shock the offender into realizing the consequences of their actions and deter them from committing further crimes.

Question 18

Failing to report a change of address or testing positive for drug use is a ____ violation which may result in revocation of probation.

Accepted Answer

Failing to report a change of address or testing positive for drug use are considered technical violations of probation, meaning they are not related to committing a new offense, but rather are violations of the terms and conditions of the probation agreement. Technical violations may result in consequences such as revocation of probation, modified supervision conditions, or additional community service or treatment requirements.

Question 19

The most common form of punishment in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common form of punishment in...

Question 20

What is a judicially imposed condition in which an offender is sentenced after being convicted of a crime, but is not required to begin serving the sentence immediately?

Accepted Answer

A suspended sentence is a judicially imposed condition in which an offender is sentenced after being convicted of a crime but is not required to begin serving the sentence immediately. The sentence is held in abeyance or "suspended" for a designated period of time, during which the offender may be required to comply with certain conditions, such as probation or community service. If the offender successfully completes the conditions, the sentence may be reduced or even waived altogether. If the offender fails to comply with the conditions, however, the suspended sentence may be activated and the offender may be required to serve the original sentence in full.

Quiz 10: Probation and Community Corrections