The American spoils system is a frank and open politicization of the upper levels of the bureaucracy.

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The American spoils system, also known as a patronage system, involves appointing government officials based on their political allegiance and loyalty rather than their merit or qualifications. This practice was especially prevalent in the 19th century, where new administrations would typically replace existing employees with their own supporters. It is considered a frank and open politicization of the upper levels of the bureaucracy, with little regard for competence or experience in public service.

The American Spoils System Is a Frank and Open Politicization