Question 1

The molecular formula C₂H₄O can be converted into three-line bond (Kekulé) structures that are consistent with valence rules. Which one of the following Kekulé structures is not consistent with valence rules?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

Instructions: Determine the hybridization for the indicated atoms in each structure below.  
-Refer to instructions. The hybridization of carbon atom A is _____.

Accepted Answer

sp<sup>2</sup>

Question 3

Instructions: Propose a structure for a molecule that meets the following description. -Refer to instructions. Contains only one sp³ hybridized carbon and two sp² hybridized carbons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Propose a structure for a molecule...

Question 4

How many nonbonding electron pairs are in the structure shown below?

Accepted Answer

There are four nonbonding electron pairs in the structure. These are the lone pairs on each oxygen atom, as well as the lone pairs on the nitrogen atom.

Question 5

Which of the following best represents the shape of a sp³ hybrid orbital of carbon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best represents the...

Question 6

Which of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

The carbon-carbon triple bond of an alkyne is not exactly three times as strong as a carbon-carbon single bond of an alkane. While it is stronger, the strength is not a simple multiple due to differences in bond types and hybridization.

Question 7

Draw the structure for CCl₂F₂ using solid, wedged, and dashed lines to show the tetrahedral geometry.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure for CCl₂F₂ using solid,...

Question 8

Draw all the lone pairs (nonbonding valence electrons) on the structure of phosgene, a poisonous gas once used as a chemical warfare agent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw all the lone pairs (nonbonding valence...

Question 9

Convert the skeletal drawing of the pharmaceutical Vioxx into a molecular formula.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Convert the skeletal drawing of the pharmaceutical...

Question 10

Specify the hybridization of each carbon atom of limonene, a natural product present in citrus fruits, and thujone, which is derived from wormwood, a traditional component of the notorious liquor, Absinthe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Specify the hybridization of each carbon atom...

Question 11

Consider the formation of an sp² hybrid orbital. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The hybridization involves one s orbital and one p orbital, resulting in two hybrid orbitals. One of the p orbitals remains unhybridized, giving a total of three orbitals. The hybrid orbitals produced cannot form pi bonds, so option D is incorrect. Option A is incorrect because three, not four, equivalent hybrid orbitals are produced.

Question 12

Instructions: Propose a structure for a molecule that meets the following description. -Refer to instructions. Contains only two sp³ hybridized carbons and two sp hybridized carbons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Propose a structure for a molecule...

Question 13

The structure of urea is shown below. Fill in any nonbonding valence electrons that are missing from the line-bond structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The structure of urea is shown below....

Question 14

Instructions: Write valid Lewis (electron-dot) structures for each formula below. Show all electrons as dots and show all nonbonding electrons. -Write: CH₃CH₂OH ethanol

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Write valid Lewis (electron-dot) structures for...

Question 15

In drawing the Lewis structure for an organic compound, the carbon atoms should always be shown with

Accepted Answer

Carbon atoms should always be shown with eight total electrons in their valence shell to satisfy the octet rule, which is a fundamental principle in drawing Lewis structures for organic compounds. This can be achieved through a combination of single, double, or triple bonds and lone pairs, not necessarily just four single bonds.

Question 16

According to atomic theory:

Accepted Answer

A) True - According to atomic theory, the nucleus of an atom is positively charged, consisting of protons and neutrons.
B) True - The nucleus contains both charged particles (protons) and uncharged particles (neutrons).
C) True - Electrons are much lighter than protons and neutrons, so they contribute very little to the total mass of the atom.
D) True - Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit around the nucleus in the atomic space outside the nucleus.

Question 17

Covalent bonding

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonding involves the sharing of unpaired valence electrons between atoms, allowing them to achieve a stable electronic configuration.

Question 18

How many total valence electrons are represented in the following electron configuration? 1s²2s²2p_x² 2p_y² 2p_z¹ or 1s²2s²2p⁵

Accepted Answer

The given electron configuration represents a total of 7 valence electrons. The configuration ends with the 2p orbital having 5 electrons (2p^5), which indicates the presence of 5 valence electrons in the 2p orbital, plus the 2 electrons in the 2s orbital, totaling 7 valence electrons.

Question 19

Which of the following best represents the shape of a 2p atomic orbital of carbon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best represents the...

Question 20

Instructions: Determine the hybridization for the indicated atoms in each structure below.  
-Refer to instructions. The hybridization of carbon atom B is _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Determine the hybridization for the indicated...

Quiz 1: Structure and Bonding:acids and Bases

The molecular formula C2H4O can be converted into three-line bond (Kekulé) structures that are consistent with valence rules. Which one of the following Kekulé structures is not consistent with valence rules?

Instructions: Determine the hybridization for the indicated atoms in each structure below. -Refer to instructions. The hybridization of carbon atom A is _____.

Instructions: Propose a structure for a molecule that meets the following description. -Refer to instructions. Contains only one sp3 hybridized carbon and two sp2 hybridized carbons.