Which theory implies that management must constantly control, punish, and manipulate employees?

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Theory X, proposed by Douglas McGregor, assumes that employees are inherently lazy and avoid work, and therefore management must constantly control, punish, and manipulate them to achieve organizational goals. This theory is based on a negative perception of human nature and does not promote a positive work environment or employee engagement.

Which Theory Implies That Management Must Constantly Control, Punish, and Manipulate