Question 1

Which type of cellular junction attaches the junctional epithelium to the tooth surface?

Accepted Answer

Hemidesmosomes are involved as a mechanism allowing gingival tissue to be secured to the tooth surface by the epithelial attachment.A hemidesmosome involves an attachment of a cell to an adjacent noncellular surface.

Question 2

The specialized,metabolically active structures within the cell are generally considered to be:

Accepted Answer

The organelles are metabolically active specialized structures within the cell.Nuclear pores may pierce the nuclear envelope.In an actively dividing cell,the chromatin condenses into microscopically visible,discrete,rodlike chromosomes.The cytoplasm contains cavities or vacuoles.

Question 3

How many phases are within interphase when it occurs between cell division?

Accepted Answer

Interphase has three phases: Gap 1,or G1 (initial resting phase: cell growth and functioning),Synthesis,or S (cell DNA synthesis by duplication),and Gap 2,or G2 (second resting phase: resuming cell growth and functioning).The cell division that takes place during mitosis between interphase consists of four phases: prophase,metaphase,anaphase,and telophase.

Question 4

The smallest living unit of organization in the body is a(n):

Accepted Answer

The smallest living unit of organization in the body is the cell because each cell is capable of performing any necessary functions without the aid of other cells.Each cell has a cell membrane,cytoplasm,organelles,and inclusions.Thus,every cell is a world unto itself.

Question 5

The fluid part within the nucleus of the cell is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

The fluid part within the nucleus is the nucleoplasm,which contains important molecules used in the construction of ribosomes,nucleic acids,and other nuclear materials.The cytoplasm includes the semifluid part contained within the cell membrane boundary,as well as the skeletal system of support or cytoskeleton.The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear envelope,a membrane similar to the cell membrane.The cells in each tissue type are surrounded by extracellular materials,which include both tissue fluid and intercellular substance.

Question 6

The semifluid part contained within cell membrane boundary is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

The cytoplasm includes the semifluid part contained within the cell membrane boundary,as well as the skeletal system of support or cytoskeleton.The fluid part within the nucleus is the nucleoplasm,which contains important molecules used in the construction of ribosomes,nucleic acids,and other nuclear materials.The cells in each tissue type are surrounded by extracellular materials,which include both tissue fluid and intercellular substance.The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear envelope,a membrane similar to the cell membrane.

Question 7

Which of the following functions are performed by the Golgi complex within the cell?

Accepted Answer

The Golgi complex is involved in the functions of segregation,packaging,and transport of protein compounds within the cell.

Question 8

The active transport of material from a vesicle within the cell out into the extracellular environment is termed:

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis is an active transport of material from a vesicle within the cell out into the extracellular environment.The uptake of materials from the extracellular environment into the cell is endocytosis.Endocytosis can also take the form of phagocytosis,which is the engulfing and then digesting of solid waste and foreign material by the cell through enzymatic breakdown of the material.Interphase involves the cells engaging in growth,metabolism,organelle replacement,and substance production,including chromatin and centrosome replication between mitosis.

Question 9

When does the nuclear membrane reappear during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

During metaphase,chromosomes move so that their centromeres are aligned in the equatorial plane and then the nuclear membrane reappears.During prophase,chromatin condenses into chromosomes in cell.During anaphase,centromeres split,and each chromosome separates into two chromatids.During telophase,division into two daughter cells occurs.

Question 10

During what phase of mitosis does the chromatin condense within the cell?

Accepted Answer

During prophase,chromatin condenses into chromosomes in cell.During metaphase,chromosomes move so that their centromeres are aligned in the equatorial plane.During anaphase,centromeres split,and each chromosome separates into two chromatids.During telophase,division into two daughter cells occurs.

Question 11

How many phases are within mitosis or cell division?

Accepted Answer

The cell division that takes place during mitosis consists of four phases: prophase,metaphase,anaphase,and telophase.Between mitosis is interphase.Interphase has three phases: Gap 1,or G1 (initial resting phase: cell growth and functioning),Synthesis,or S (cell DNA synthesis by duplication),and Gap 2,or G2 (second resting phase: resuming cell growth and functioning).

Question 12

Which of the following organelles are produced by the Golgi complex and function as well in both intracellular and extracellular digestion by the cell?

Accepted Answer

The lysosomes are organelles produced by the Golgi complex and function in both intracellular and extracellular digestion by the cell.The ribosomes are produced in the nucleolus from rRNA and protein molecules and are assembled in the cytoplasm.Once the endoplasmic reticulum has modified the new protein entering the cell,it is then transferred to the Golgi complex for subsequent segregation,packaging,and transport of protein compounds.The nucleus stores the genetic code.

Question 13

A collection of similarly specialized cells in the body is termed a(n):

Accepted Answer

Cells with similar characteristics of form and function are grouped together to form a tissue.Thus,a tissue is a collection of similarly specialized cells,most often surrounded by extracellular materials.The smallest living unit of organization in the body is the cell because each cell is capable of performing any necessary functions without the aid of other cells.

Question 14

Organs in the body are know to be able to functioning together as a(n):

Accepted Answer

Organs can function together as a system.Various tissue types are then bonded together to form an organ,a somewhat independent body part that performs a specific function or functions.The smallest living unit of organization in the body is the cell because each cell is capable of performing any necessary functions without the aid of other cells.Organs can function together as a system.

Question 15

During what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes move so that the centromeres are aligned in the equatorial plane?

Accepted Answer

During metaphase,chromosomes move so that their centromeres are aligned in the equatorial plane.During prophase,chromatin condenses into chromosomes in a cell.During anaphase,centromeres split,and each chromosome separates into two chromatids.During telophase,division into two daughter cells occurs.

Question 16

The chromosomes have clear,constricted areas near each middle,specifically considered to be:

Accepted Answer

Each chromosome has a centromere,a clear,constricted area near the middle.The chief nucleic acid in the nucleoplasm is deoxyribonucleic acid in the form of chromatin.Chromosomes become two chromatids joined by a centromere during cell division.The cytoplasm includes the semifluid part contained within the cell membrane boundary.

Question 17

Which of the following organelles in a cell can appear microscopically either smooth or rough?

Accepted Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum can be classified as either smooth or rough,which is determined by the absence or presence of ribosomes,each giving a different microscopic appearance to the structure,as well differing in function.Once the endoplasmic reticulum has modified the new protein entering the cell,it is then transferred to the Golgi complex for subsequent segregation,packaging,and transport of protein compounds.The lysosomes are organelles produced by the Golgi complex and function in both intracellular and extracellular digestion by the cell.Within the cell there is a three-dimensional system of support using cellular scaffolding,the cytoskeleton.

Question 18

Which of following are metabolically inert substances in the cell that are also considered transient?

Accepted Answer

The cell contains inclusions,which are metabolically inert substances that are also considered transient over time in the cell.The cytoplasm contains cavities or vacuoles.The intermediate filaments are of various types of thicker,threadlike microscopic structures within the cell that serve as part of the cytoskeleton.The lysosomes are organelles produced by the Golgi complex and function in both intracellular and extracellular digestion by the cell.

Question 19

During the cell cycle,interphase involves the cells engaging in:

Accepted Answer

Cells between mitotic divisions and within interphase engage in growth,metabolism,organelle replacement,and substance production,including chromatin and centrosome replication.

Question 20

An independent body part formed from tissue is a(n):

Accepted Answer

Various tissue types are then bonded together to form an organ,a somewhat independent body part that performs a specific function or functions.Cells with similar characteristics of form and function are grouped together to form a tissue.The smallest living unit of organization in the body is the cell because each cell is capable of performing any necessary functions without the aid of other cells.Organs can function together as a system.

Quiz 7: Cells