Question 1

Performing a process analysis involves these two basic steps:
A)identifying the process and defining all its parts.
B)dividing the process into stages and testing each stage.
C)identifying the process and explaining the movement of the process through its parts.
D)dividing the process into stages and explaining the movement of the process through its stages.

Accepted Answer

The two basic steps of performing a process analysis are dividing the process into stages and explaining the movement of the process through its stages. This involves breaking down the process into smaller stages or steps and analyzing each one to understand how the process moves through them. It also involves identifying any potential areas for improvement or inefficiencies within each stage.

Question 2

Much of critical thinking involves a process where you take a problem, break it down into its component parts and then analyze how the parts connect.This type of thinking is referred to as
A)causal relationships.
B)comparative relationships.
C)chronological relationships.
D)process relationships.

Accepted Answer

Process relationships involve breaking down a problem or task into smaller parts and analyzing how they connect to each other to achieve the desired outcome. This is a fundamental aspect of critical thinking. Causal relationships involve identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparative relationships involve comparing and contrasting two or more things, and chronological relationships involve organizing events or information in time order.

Question 3

The world is not a static environment.On the contrary, we are active participants in composing the world around us through our perceptions.The goal of this composing process is to organize your world into meaningful patterns that will help you to deal more effectively with your environment.Composing your world involves all the following activities except
A)Believing
B)Symbolizing
C)Controlling
D)Conceptualizing

Accepted Answer

Composing your world involves believing, symbolizing, and conceptualizing, but not necessarily controlling. Control implies a level of power and authority over the environment, which may not always be possible or desirable. Composing your world is more about creating meaning and understanding, rather than exerting control.

Question 4

When you study for a test, you get a good grade.When you get a good grade, your family is proud of you.When your family is proud of you, you feel better about yourself.When you feel better about yourself, you perform better at work.This is an example of
A)interactive causes.
B)contributory causes
C)a causal chain.
D)interlocking causes.

Accepted Answer

This is a causal chain because each event leads to the next in a direct and causal manner.

Question 5

An analogy is a comparison between things that are basically dissimilar made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of an analogy.

Question 6

An explicit comparison between two basically dissimilar things made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared is referred to as a(n)
A)comparative relationship.
B)simile.
C)causal relationship.
D)metaphor.

Accepted Answer

A simile is an explicit comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as" to highlight similarities.

Question 7

Performing a process analysis involves two basic steps.The first step is to list as many contributory factors as possible to eliminate their affect.The second step is to break the process down into its component parts.

Accepted Answer

Performing a process analysis typically involves breaking the process down into its component parts as the first step, and then analyzing these parts to identify inefficiencies, bottlenecks, or areas for improvement, rather than listing contributory factors to eliminate their effect as the initial step.

Question 8

The oldest and most universal form of comparative analysis is the narrative, a way of thinking and communicating in which someone tells a story about experiences he or she has had.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The oldest and most universal form of...

Question 9

Cognitively relating and organizing concepts can be broken down into three types of relationships. What are they?
A)Personal, Emotional, and Chronological
B)Personal, Hierarchical, and Subliminal
C)Comparative, Theoretical, and Emotional
D)Comparative, Chronological, and Causal

Accepted Answer

The three types of relationships for cognitively relating and organizing concepts are comparative (finding similarities and differences between concepts), chronological (understanding the sequence and order of events or concepts), and causal (understanding the cause and effect relationships between concepts). Therefore, option D - Comparative, Chronological, and Causal - is the correct answer.

Question 10

The process mode of thinking organizes an activity into a series of steps necessary for reaching a certain goal.

Accepted Answer

The process mode of thinking involves breaking down an activity or task into a sequence of steps to achieve a particular objective.

Question 11

The author lists five stages of "normal grieving." All of the following are stages of grieving except
A)anger
B)denial and isolation
C)frustration
D)depression

Accepted Answer

The author lists the five stages of grieving as denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Frustration is not listed as one of the stages.

Question 12

Have you ever lost your keys? What do you do? You go back to a time when you last had your keys, and then you go through all the things you did in order to determine where you might have put your keys.This process is known as
A)analogical pattern of thinking
B)causal pattern of thinking
C)chronological pattern of thinking
D)comparative pattern of thinking

Accepted Answer

The process described in the question involves going back to a specific time and then going through a sequence of events in order to determine the location of the lost keys. This approach follows a chronological pattern of thinking, where events are considered in order of occurrence to determine causation or solution. Analogical pattern of thinking involves using similarities between two situations to determine a solution, causal pattern of thinking involves determining cause-and-effect relationships between events, and comparative pattern of thinking involves comparing and contrasting different options to make a decision.

Question 13

The _________pattern of thinking organizes something into a series of events in the sequence in which they occurred.
A)chronological
B)causal
C)critical
D)comparative

Accepted Answer

The term "chronological" refers to the arrangement of events in the order in which they occurred, making it the best choice for describing a pattern of thinking that organizes something in such a way. The other options may also describe patterns of thinking, but they do not specifically refer to the sequence of events.

Question 14

When making comparisons there are two major pitfalls that you should avoid.The pitfalls are
A)incomplete and selective comparisons.
B)erroneous and unsubstantiated comparisons.
C)hasty and frivolous comparisons.
D)unsubstantiated and hasty comparisons.

Accepted Answer

Incomplete and selective comparisons can lead to misleading conclusions by not considering all relevant factors or by cherry-picking data.

Question 15

A simile is an implied comparison between basically dissimilar things made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared.

Accepted Answer

A simile is an explicit comparison using "like" or "as" between two different things to highlight similarities, not an implied comparison.

Question 16

Have you ever purchased a car? What process do you normally use in selecting the "right" car for you?
A)Analogical relationships
B)Causal relationships
C)Financial relationships
D)Comparative relationships

Accepted Answer

When selecting a car, it is important to weigh the pros and cons of different models and brands. Comparative relationships involve comparing different options to see which one is the best fit based on features, performance, price, and other factors. This allows for a more informed decision-making process and can help ensure that the chosen car meets the individual's needs and preferences. Analogical relationships, causal relationships, and financial relationships are not as relevant in this context.

Question 17

Let's assume that a driver is headed for work on a Monday morning.All of a sudden, she is cut off by another driver, which makes her very angry.She decides to chase the person that cut her off and give that other driver a "piece of her mind." While weaving in and out of traffic to catch her aggressor, the woman is picked up by a police officer's radar and pulled over for speeding and driving recklessly.This is an example of
A)stupidity.
B)interactive causes.
C)chain reaction.
D)irrational cognition.

Accepted Answer

The situation is an example of interactive causes because the woman's anger and decision to chase the other driver caused her to drive recklessly and get pulled over by the police. The chain reaction aspect could also apply, but interactive causes more accurately describes the relationship between the woman's emotions and actions. Stupidity and irrational cognition are not accurate descriptions as the woman's behavior was driven by her emotions rather than cognitive abilities.

Question 18

A comparison between things that are basically dissimilar made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared is called a(n)
A)causal relationship
B)analogy
C)comparative study
D)allegory

Accepted Answer

A comparison made between dissimilar things for the purpose of illuminating our understanding is called an analogy. A causal relationship is when one event is responsible for causing another. A comparative study is a research approach that involves comparing two or more groups on a particular variable. An allegory is a story or poem that has a hidden meaning or message.

Question 19

____________patterns of thinking involve relating events in terms of the influence or effect they have on one another.
A)Describing
B)Causal
C)Analogical
D)Comparative

Accepted Answer

Causal patterns of thinking involve understanding the cause-and-effect relationship between events or phenomena. This includes identifying the factors that contribute to an outcome or result. Descriptive patterns involve simply describing events, analogical patterns involve drawing comparisons between different situations, and comparative patterns involve assessing similarities and differences between two or more things.

Question 20

A famous quote from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet states that "Juliet is the sun!" This is an example of a(n)
A)metaphor
B)simile
C)comparative relationship
D)causal relationship

Accepted Answer

This is a metaphor because Juliet is being directly compared to the sun, without using "like" or "as." The statement is implying that Juliet is as bright, warm, and central to the universe as the sun is to our solar system.

Quiz 8: Relating and Organizing

Performing a process analysis involves these two basic steps:

Much of critical thinking involves a process where you take a problem, break it down into its component parts and then analyze how the parts connect.This type of thinking is referred to as

When you study for a test, you get a good grade.When you get a good grade, your family is proud of you.When your family is proud of you, you feel better about yourself.When you feel better about yourself, you perform better at work.This is an example of

An analogy is a comparison between things that are basically dissimilar made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared.

An explicit comparison between two basically dissimilar things made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared is referred to as a(n)

Performing a process analysis involves two basic steps.The first step is to list as many contributory factors as possible to eliminate their affect.The second step is to break the process down into its component parts.

The oldest and most universal form of comparative analysis is the narrative, a way of thinking and communicating in which someone tells a story about experiences he or she has had.

Cognitively relating and organizing concepts can be broken down into three types of relationships. What are they?

The process mode of thinking organizes an activity into a series of steps necessary for reaching a certain goal.

The author lists five stages of "normal grieving." All of the following are stages of grieving except

Have you ever lost your keys? What do you do? You go back to a time when you last had your keys, and then you go through all the things you did in order to determine where you might have put your keys.This process is known as

The _________pattern of thinking organizes something into a series of events in the sequence in which they occurred.

When making comparisons there are two major pitfalls that you should avoid.The pitfalls are

A simile is an implied comparison between basically dissimilar things made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared.

Have you ever purchased a car? What process do you normally use in selecting the "right" car for you?

A comparison between things that are basically dissimilar made for the purpose of illuminating our understanding of the things being compared is called a(n)

____________patterns of thinking involve relating events in terms of the influence or effect they have on one another.

A famous quote from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet states that "Juliet is the sun!" This is an example of a(n)