Question 1

Technological progress has resulted in growing concerns, such as the direct criminogenic media effects on copycat crime and media-oriented terrorism.

Accepted Answer

Technological progress has made it easier for individuals to access information and media content, which can have direct criminogenic effects on copycat crime and media-oriented terrorism. For example, studies have shown that mass shooters often imitate the actions of previous shooters, and some even cite media coverage as a motivation for their actions. Similarly, terrorist groups such as ISIS have used social media and other online platforms to spread their message and recruit new members, often targeting vulnerable individuals who are susceptible to their propaganda.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a general example of how media can serve as a powerful potential solution to crime?

Accepted Answer

While media can serve as a powerful potential solution to crime by helping to reduce violence and drug use, deterring criminal acts, and bolstering the image of the criminal justice system, providing the public with up-to-date footage of all major crime cases is not a general example of how media can serve as a solution to crime. In fact, this could potentially compromise ongoing investigations and the privacy of victims and witnesses.

Question 3

In 1975, crime shows accounted for approximately what percentage of prime time schedules?

Accepted Answer

In 1975, crime shows accounted for approximately 40 percent of prime time schedules.

Question 4

Kelly, a news producer, notes that the public has been particularly interested in public school system sex scandals for a 6-week span and decides to feature similar stories. Kelly is selecting her news stories based on which of the following models?

Accepted Answer

The market model involves selecting news stories based on what the audience is interested in, which is what Kelly is doing by featuring stories on public school system sex scandals.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the five realities for why twenty-first-century media is important to crime-and-justice?

Accepted Answer

The five realities for why twenty-first-century media is important to crime-and-justice are (A) Mass media is an electronic, visually dominated media, (C) Media must be understood as a collection of for-profit businesses, (D) Media businesses exist within a highly competitive environment, (E) Media is an important means for understanding social reality, and (F) Crime and social justice issues are highly newsworthy. The idea that U.S. media is in a paternalistic relationship with the government is not one of the five realities.

Question 6

The first visual media criminals were descendants of street gang members, often portrayed in dime novels.

Accepted Answer

The first visual media criminals were not necessarily descendants of street gang members; early depictions of criminals in visual media varied widely and included a range of criminal archetypes, not limited to those with gang affiliations. Dime novels and early visual media often sensationalized various types of criminals, including outlaws, pirates, and thieves, without specific focus on their familial ties to street gangs.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a characteristic of new media?

Accepted Answer

Inconvenience is not a characteristic of new media, as new media is designed and developed to provide convenient access to content through various platforms such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets. The other options (A, B, and D) are all characteristics of new media.

Question 8

Which of the following is an early example of a media trial?

Accepted Answer

All the options listed are examples of media trials, where the court of public opinion, fueled by extensive media coverage, played a significant role in shaping perceptions of the cases.

Question 9

Comic book portrayals of crime-and-justice have always included all of the following: crime-fighting policeman, private detectives, and costumed superheroes.

Accepted Answer

Comic books have historically included depictions of crime-fighting police officers, private detectives, and costumed superheroes as part of their portrayals of crime-and-justice.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the four general types of media?

Accepted Answer

The four general types of media are typically considered to be Print, Sound, Visual, and Broadcast. While the internet is a medium through which different types of media can be accessed and distributed, it is not considered to be a separate category on its own.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an area in which media portraits of crime and justice influence public perceptions?

Accepted Answer

Media portraits of crime and justice may influence public perceptions in areas such as what behaviors should be criminalized, who should be punished, and what the punishment should be. However, they do not typically influence perceptions about who should be in charge of punishments.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a memorial criminal justice policy?

Accepted Answer

Megan's Law is a memorial criminal justice policy that requires law enforcement agencies to notify the public about convicted sex offenders living in their community. It is named after Megan Kanka, a young girl who was raped and murdered by a convicted sex offender living near her. The law was enacted in her memory to help prevent such tragedies from happening again. The other options listed are not memorial criminal justice policies.

Question 13

A high profile murder case ended a year ago and images of the defendant during the case are still appearing in the local news, on various Internet sites, and even in select movies. This is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Looping refers to the repeated broadcasting or circulation of the same content, such as images or footage, across various media platforms over time.

Question 14

Which of the following is a major difference between contemporary print media and contemporary electronic media?

Accepted Answer

Contemporary print media is easier to select or avoid based on consumer preferences, whereas electronic media may require more effort to filter out unwanted content. The other options are either incorrect or do not reflect a major difference between the two types of media.

Question 15

In early U.S. Penny Press newspapers, crime was portrayed according to what orientation?

Accepted Answer

Early U.S. Penny Press newspapers portrayed crime according to class orientation, highlighting the crimes of working-class individuals and often sensationalizing them for entertainment purposes. While there may have been elements of race and gender involved, class was the primary focus.

Question 16

Which of the following BEST describes the impact of infotainment on crime-and justice portraits?

Accepted Answer

Infotainment does present realistic events and circumstances related to crime and justice, but often these events are highly stylized and edited for entertainment purposes. This allows for a sensationalized portrayal of crime and justice news that may not accurately reflect the reality of the situation.

Question 17

Which type of media was the first to blanket all of society, meaning that content was available for the first time to every social, economic, and intellectual stratum?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of media was the first...

Question 18

Media and technology are simultaneously perceived as both a major cause of crime and violence and a powerful potential solution to crime.

Accepted Answer

Media and technology are often criticized for promoting violent behavior in society, such as through violent video games or graphic movies. However, they also hold great potential for preventing and solving crimes, such as through surveillance cameras, social media monitoring, and DNA analysis. Thus, media and technology can be seen as both a cause of and solution to crime and violence.

Question 19

The creation of crime news is best understood through the organizational model.

Accepted Answer

The organizational model suggests that media organizations have routines and procedures for selecting, gathering, and presenting crime news. This includes factors such as deadlines, available resources, audience preferences, and editorial policies. Therefore, the creation of crime news can be best understood through the organizational model.

Question 20

Radio crime-and-justice programming have provided the model for which of the following:

Accepted Answer

Radio crime-and-justice programming has influenced all of the above aspects of modern popular culture. It has shaped the conventions of crime and justice programming, contributed to the ways in which criminals are portrayed in the media, and has played a role in the sensationalization of violent crime.

Quiz 1: Crime, Justice, and Media