Question 1

A(n) __________ is an irrational behavior that you cannot control.

Accepted Answer

A compulsion is an irrational behavior that an individual feels a strong urge to perform and cannot control, even if it goes against their will. Obsessions are persistent thoughts, ideas, or impulses that are also difficult to control but do not always involve an overt behavior. Regression refers to reverting back to an earlier stage of development, and depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness and a loss of interest in activities.

Question 2

Found in a dazed condition at the local shopping center, "John Doe" could not remember who he was or where he came from. After an investigation, authorities discovered that he lived more than 2,000 miles away. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The amnesia and disorientation described in the scenario are consistent with a dissociative fugue, which is a subtype of dissociative amnesia characterized by sudden unexpected travel and an inability to recall a person's past identity or significant personal information. This disorder may be triggered by severe stress or trauma. Organic amnesia, disorganized schizophrenia, and dissociative identity disorder are less likely options given the information provided.

Question 3

In obsessive-compulsive disorder, the __________ is the thought and the __________ is the action carried out in reaction to the thought.

Accepted Answer

In obsessive-compulsive disorder, the obsession is the persistent and intrusive thought, urge, or image, while the compulsion is the repetitive behavior or mental act that a person feels compelled to perform in response to the obsession in order to reduce anxiety or prevent a negative outcome.

Question 4

A severe anxiety reaction that takes place immediately, or very soon, after an extremely stressful event is known as __________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

The defining characteristic of acute stress disorder is that it occurs soon after a traumatic event, usually within a month. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) also involves anxiety symptoms following a traumatic event, but the symptoms persist for longer than a month. Generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder involve anxiety symptoms that are not necessarily linked to a specific event.

Question 5

The condition in which someone forgets his or her identity and takes on a new identity in a new location is classified as __________.

Accepted Answer

The condition described in which someone forgets their identity and takes on a new identity in a new location is known as dissociative fugue. Dissociative amnesia involves forgetting important personal information, not necessarily taking on a new identity. Catatonic schizophrenia and paranoid schizophrenia are both subtypes of schizophrenia and do not relate to this condition.

Question 6

A personality disorder characterized by marked instability in self-image, mood, and interpersonal relationships is ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A personality disorder characterized by marked instability...

Question 7

The famous story of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde best illustrates which disorder?

Accepted Answer

The story of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a classic example of dissociative identity disorder, also known as multiple personality disorder, which involves a person having two or more distinct personalities or identities. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde represent two distinct personalities within the same individual, with Dr. Jekyll representing the person's original identity and Mr. Hyde representing a darker and more aggressive alter-ego.

Question 8

Monica vacuums the carpet in her living room 15 times a day because she is afraid of germs. It is likely that she is suffering from which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

This behavior is consistent with obsessive-compulsive disorder, which involves repetitive, anxiety-driven thoughts and compulsions. Monica's fear of germs is likely driving her need to vacuum the carpet multiple times per day.

Question 9

Involuntary ideas that keep recurring despite the person's efforts to stop them are called __________.

Accepted Answer

Involuntary ideas that keep recurring despite the person's efforts to stop them are called obsessions. Compulsions (A) refer to repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession. Impulses (C) refer to strong urges to engage in impulsive or risky behaviors that are often difficult to resist. Panic attacks (D) are sudden feelings of intense fear or discomfort that can include physical symptoms such as sweating, trembling, and heart palpitations.

Question 10

Reexperiencing a traumatic event long after the event occurred is associated with __________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Reexperiencing a traumatic event long after the event has occurred is a common symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). People with PTSD may experience flashbacks, nightmares, or intrusive thoughts related to the traumatic event. Symptoms of PTSD can persist long after the traumatic event has occurred and can significantly impact a person's daily life.

Question 11

Disorders in which part of a person's personality is separated from the rest and the person can't reassemble the pieces are known as __________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Dissociative disorders involve a disruption in memory, identity, consciousness, or perception of the environment. In some dissociative disorders, parts of a person's personality become separated or fragmented, making it difficult or impossible to reassemble them.

Question 12

A person who loses his or her memory and wanders away from home may be experiencing __________.

Accepted Answer

A person who loses his or her memory and wanders away from home may be experiencing dissociative fugue, which is a rare form of dissociative amnesia where a person not only forgets their identity and personal information but also may physically relocate and take on a new identity. Generalized anxiety and depression may cause memory problems, but they are not typically associated with wandering away from home. Dissociative identity disorder involves multiple distinct identities within one individual, but it does not necessarily involve memory loss or wandering away from home.

Question 13

Acts that "must be done" are called __________.

Accepted Answer

Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to a rigid set of rules. They are considered a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and can significantly interfere with daily functioning.

Question 14

Ritualistic behavior is associated with which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

Ritualistic behavior is a core symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which involves repetitive, intrusive thoughts that are distressing (obsessions) and behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform in response to these obsessions (compulsions).

Question 15

While Stefano is sitting at his desk at work, an image of harming his young son pops into his mind. Each time this occurs, he touches all four corners of his desk in a particular order. Stefano probably suffers from __________.

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes an individual experiencing intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and engaging in repetitive behaviors (compulsions) in response to those thoughts. This is a classic symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 16

A young boy is attacked by a large dog. He is now terribly afraid of all large dogs. His phobia of dogs is BEST explained by __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The behavior theory best explains the young boy's phobia of dogs as it focuses on how behaviors are learned and reinforced through interactions with the environment. In this case, the traumatic experience of being attacked by a large dog leads to the development of a phobia, illustrating classical conditioning.

Question 17

A repetitive, ritualistic behavior that a person feels driven to perform is called a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A compulsion is a repetitive, ritualistic behavior that a person feels driven to perform. Obsession refers to persistent, unwanted, and intrusive thoughts or impulses. Impulse refers to a sudden strong urge or desire to act on something. Delusion is a false belief that is not based on reality.

Question 18

Most psychoanalytic theorists believe that anxiety disorders are the result of __________.

Accepted Answer

Most psychoanalytic theorists believe that anxiety disorders are the result of unconscious conflicts stemming from early childhood experiences. These conflicts may involve the individual's desires and instincts, as well as societal expectations and moral beliefs. These conflicts are thought to be repressed, or pushed out of conscious awareness, leading to anxiety symptoms.

Question 19

The police found a woman wandering through the university area of a small town. The woman was disheveled and seemed to be in a daze. When the police asked the woman for her name, she seemed bewildered. A search of missing persons reports revealed that she had been reported missing 4 months earlier in a city hundreds of miles away. The woman is most likely suffering from which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

The woman's behavior is consistent with dissociative fugue, which is a dissociative disorder characterized by amnesia and sometimes travel to a new location. The woman's disheveled appearance and confusion suggest that she may have been in this state for some time. Therefore, dissociative fugue is the best choice. The other disorders listed do not fit with the symptoms described.

Question 20

Destruction of one's home or community would be MOST likely to result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) is a common psychological reaction to experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as a natural disaster or destruction of one's home or community. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance behaviors, and emotional numbness.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders