Question 1

____________________ control occurs when it is harder for the stream flow to negotiate the length of the culvert than it is to get through the entrance in the first place

Accepted Answer

Outlet

Question 2

Because of the continuity equation, the slow-moving water upstream of a culvert has an increased depth, and the faster water in the culvert is shallower.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true because the continuity equation states that the volume of water entering a section of a pipe or culvert must be equal to the volume of water leaving that section. Therefore, as the water passes from a wider area (upstream of the culvert) to a narrower area (inside the culvert), the velocity of the water increases and its depth decreases, and vice versa.

Question 3

If constriction occurs more at the entrance than the outlet, the culvert is said to be operating under ____.
A)outlet control
B)inlet control
C)slope control
D)velocity control

Accepted Answer

If constriction occurs more at the entrance than the outlet, the culvert is said to be operating under inlet control.

Question 4

To compute the headwater depth for a culvert operating under inlet control, only the flow rate Q and the entrance size and shape must be taken into consideration.

Accepted Answer

Inlet control occurs when the flow into the culvert is limited by the capacity of the inlet, rather than the outlet. Therefore, only the flow rate and inlet characteristics need to be considered when computing headwater depth.

Question 5

An entrance efficiency problem can be solved by changing the ___________________ of the culvert entrance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An entrance efficiency problem can be solved...

Question 6

When flow in a stream (or channel) encounters a culvert, it experiences a(n) ____________________ that causes a change in flow depth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When flow in a stream (or channel)...

Question 7

Which type of flow occurs when the tailwater is above the culvert crown and tailwater is relatively high?
A)Type A
B)Type B
C)Type C
D)Type D

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of flow occurs when the...

Question 8

Critical factors in inlet control are cross-sectional area of the inlet and inlet _____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critical factors in inlet control are cross-sectional...

Question 9

The proper method used to determine headwater depth for any culvert problem is to guess the type of control.

Accepted Answer

Guessing the type of control is not a proper method for determining headwater depth for any culvert problem. Proper methods include using established formulas and calculations based on factors such as velocity, discharge, and channel geometry.

Question 10

Which type of flow occurs when headwater depth rises above the inlet crown, tailwater depth is relatively low, and the culvert barrel is relatively short.
A)Type A
B)Type B
C)Type C
D)Type D

Accepted Answer

Type B flow occurs when headwater depth rises above the inlet crown, tailwater depth is relatively low, and the culvert barrel is relatively short.

Question 11

Length of the culvert is a factor that affects flow through a culvert.

Accepted Answer

The length of the culvert affects the flow through it because a longer culvert creates more frictional resistance, which reduces the flow rate.

Question 12

Which of the following is of primary concern in culvert analysis?
A)upstream depth
B)downstream depth
C)flow pattern
D)slope

Accepted Answer

Upstream depth is of primary concern in culvert analysis because it determines the headwater elevation and the potential for flooding upstream of the culvert.

Question 13

Tailwater depth depends in general on ____.
A)the size of the culvert opening
B)culvert entrance geometry
C)slope
D)characteristics of the stream

Accepted Answer

Tailwater depth is influenced by the characteristics of the stream, such as width, depth, velocity, and bed material. The other factors listed may also have an impact on tailwater depth, but they are not as significant as the stream characteristics.

Question 14

Downstream depth is also called ____________________ depth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Downstream depth is also called ____________________ depth....

Question 15

Upstream (headwater) depth is determined by the stream.

Accepted Answer

Upstream (headwater) depth is primarily determined by factors such as precipitation, topography, and geology of the area, rather than the stream itself. The stream is a result of these factors.

Quiz 9: Culvert Hydraulics

____________________ control occurs when it is harder for the stream flow to negotiate the length of the culvert than it is to get through the entrance in the first place

Because of the continuity equation, the slow-moving water upstream of a culvert has an increased depth, and the faster water in the culvert is shallower.

If constriction occurs more at the entrance than the outlet, the culvert is said to be operating under ____.

To compute the headwater depth for a culvert operating under inlet control, only the flow rate Q and the entrance size and shape must be taken into consideration.

An entrance efficiency problem can be solved by changing the ___________________ of the culvert entrance.

When flow in a stream (or channel) encounters a culvert, it experiences a(n) ____________________ that causes a change in flow depth.

Which type of flow occurs when the tailwater is above the culvert crown and tailwater is relatively high?

Critical factors in inlet control are cross-sectional area of the inlet and inlet _____________________.

The proper method used to determine headwater depth for any culvert problem is to guess the type of control.

Which type of flow occurs when headwater depth rises above the inlet crown, tailwater depth is relatively low, and the culvert barrel is relatively short.

Length of the culvert is a factor that affects flow through a culvert.

Which of the following is of primary concern in culvert analysis?

Tailwater depth depends in general on ____.

Downstream depth is also called ____________________ depth.

Upstream (headwater) depth is determined by the stream.