Question 1

During World War II, Japanese pilots committed suicide by flying small planes into targets.This suicide would qualify as

Accepted Answer

This type of suicide is known as altruistic suicide, which is an act performed for the benefit of others or for a larger cause. In this case, Japanese pilots saw their act of suicide as a way to serve their country and emperor.

Question 2

In his writings, Karl Marx expressed profound moral outrage over the plight of the

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx was primarily concerned with the struggles faced by the proletariat, or working class, in capitalist societies. He believed that capitalism exploited the labor of workers and resulted in economic inequality and alienation. Marx's moral outrage stemmed from his belief that the working class was being unjustly treated and oppressed.

Question 3

According to Karl Marx, the character of class conflict is shaped directly and profoundly by

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx believed that the character of class conflict is shaped directly and profoundly by the means of production. He argued that those who own the means of production (the bourgeoisie) exploit those who do not (the proletariat), creating a fundamental conflict between the two classes. This conflict is central to Marx's theory of historical materialism and his overall analysis of capitalist societies.

Question 4

___________________ suicide occurs when individuals kill themselves because they see their futures as hopelessly blocked.

Accepted Answer

Fatalistic suicide occurs when individuals end their lives because they see no possible way to improve their oppressive circumstances or escape a perception of being excessively controlled, leading to a future that appears hopelessly blocked.

Question 5

The term ___________________ describes a state in which ties attaching individuals to others in the society are weak.

Accepted Answer

Egoistic refers to a state in which individuals have weak ties to others in society and are more focused on their own interests and needs. Altruistic, on the other hand, refers to a state in which individuals are highly interconnected and prioritize the needs of others over their own. Anomic refers to a state of normlessness or confusion about societal expectations, while fatalistic refers to a state of hopelessness or resignation due to a perceived lack of control over one's life.

Question 6

The Communist Manifesto begins with the line

Accepted Answer

The opening line of the Communist Manifesto is "A specter is haunting Europe - the specter of Communism." This powerful statement sets the tone for the entire manifesto and highlights the fear and apprehension that many people felt towards the idea of communism at the time it was written. It also suggests that communism was seen as a potentially powerful and disruptive force in European society.

Question 7

When people commit __________ suicide, it is on behalf of the group they love more than themselves.

Accepted Answer

Altruistic suicide is committed on behalf of a group or cause that the individual values more than their own life. It is often seen in societies where there is a strong emphasis on group loyalty and sacrifice for the greater good.

Question 8

Marx believed that ________ was the first economic system that could maximise the immense productive potential of human labour and ingenuity.

Accepted Answer

Marx believed that capitalism, with its emphasis on private ownership of the means of production and the pursuit of profit, was the system that could best harness the productive capacity of human labor and innovation. He also believed, however, that capitalism was inherently flawed and would eventually lead to its own downfall, to be replaced by socialism and ultimately communism.

Question 9

A quiltmaker may work years creating a one-of-a-kind object from fabrics saved or purchased and then give it to a special person.Weber would classify the quiltmaker's actions as driven by

Accepted Answer

Weber believed that actions could be driven by emotional motives such as love, loyalty, or revenge, which are not necessarily rational or value-rational. The quiltmaker's actions are driven by her emotional attachment to the special person she is giving the quilt to.

Question 10

Land, tools, equipment, factories, modes of transportation, and labour are

Accepted Answer

The means of production, which include land, tools, equipment, factories, modes of transportation, and labour, are key components of an economy's productive capacity. In Marxist theory, the means of production are owned by the capitalist class and used to exploit the labour of the proletariat.

Question 11

With mechanisation, the rise of two distinct classes emerged.The one that owns the means of production is called

Accepted Answer

The bourgeoisie is the class that owns the means of production, such as factories and machinery, and hires workers to operate them. This class emerged with the rise of mechanisation during the Industrial Revolution.

Question 12

___________________ suicide occurs when people kill themselves because they have been cast into a lower status.

Accepted Answer

Anomic suicide occurs when people feel lost or disconnected because of a lack of regulation or guidance in their lives, often due to sudden or drastic changes in their environment or society. This can cause them to lose their sense of purpose or meaning and lead to suicidal behavior. In the case of lower social status, this can be due to economic factors or discrimination, which can create a sense of hopelessness and despair. Egoistic and altruistic suicide are not directly related to social status, but rather involve individual attitudes towards oneself and others. Fatalistic suicide occurs when people feel trapped or oppressed by society or authority, which is not applicable in this scenario.

Question 13

When people are cast into a lower status, they must reduce their requirements, restrain their needs, and practise self-control.This situation describes a(n) ______ situation.

Accepted Answer

This situation is described as anomic because there is a breakdown of social norms and values, leading to a lack of guidance for individuals on how to behave and achieve success. As a result, those who are cast into a lower status must adjust their expectations and behavior to adapt to the new, disrupted social environment. This can lead to feelings of confusion, frustration, and a general sense of aimlessness.

Question 14

_________________ is the author of Suicide.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim is the author of "Suicide," which is a seminal work in sociology that examines patterns and social factors in relation to suicide.

Question 15

Weber maintained that with industrialisation, behaviour was less likely to be guided by __________ and more likely to be instrumental-rational.

Accepted Answer

Weber argued that industrialization led to a shift from actions being guided by tradition or emotion (traditional or affectual action) to actions being guided by instrumental-rational considerations, where behavior is oriented towards achieving specific goals in the most efficient way possible.

Question 16

Max Weber maintained that the sociologist's task was to focus on

Accepted Answer

Max Weber believed that the focus of sociology should be on understanding the meaning behind social action, rather than just observing social facts or searching for broad reasons for people's behavior. He emphasized the importance of interpreting the subjective meanings and intentions that individuals attach to their actions in order to gain a deeper understanding of society.

Question 17

Max Weber focused on the Industrial Revolution and its effect on

Accepted Answer

Weber's work emphasized the importance of social actions and how they are influenced by the economic and social changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution. He was particularly interested in how these changes affected individual behaviors and societal structures.

Question 18

From a sociological perspective, suicide is

Accepted Answer

The answer of From a sociological perspective, suicide is
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Question 19

Durkheim observed that as a society industrialised,

Accepted Answer

Durkheim observed that industrialisation led to a shift from mechanical solidarity, where individuals were bound together by common values and beliefs, to organic solidarity, where individuals were interdependent on one another for their specialized roles in a complex division of labor. This led to profound changes in the ties that bound individuals to one another in society.

Question 20

Karl Marx described capitalism in all but one of the following ways.

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx did not describe capitalism as socially conscious. The other options reflect Marx's negative view of capitalism and its exploitative nature.

Quiz 1: The Sociological Imagination