Question 1

As used in critical thinking, the term refers only to matters of judgment, not to matters of taste or personal preference.

Accepted Answer

opinion

Question 2

The author tells us that the foundation of thinking are .
A) Perceptions
B) Experiences
C) Expectations
D) Principles

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

When checking facts and testing opinions, one way to recognize that an opinion is flawed is to observe that it leads to unintended, and sometimes undesired, consequences. This method of testing opinions is called _.
A) Consult everyday experiences
B) Reverse the opinion
C) Consider the opinion's likely consequences
D) Think of exceptions

Accepted Answer

Considering the opinion's likely consequences is the best way to recognize that an opinion is flawed. This involves examining how the opinion might play out in practice and whether it could have unintended consequences that the author has not fully considered. By analyzing the potential consequences of an opinion, we are better able to judge its value and make informed decisions about whether to accept or reject it. Considering the likely consequences of an opinion is a way to recognize its flaws. Unintended and undesired consequences can often reveal the weaknesses of an opinion. Option A considers everyday experiences, which could be a useful way to test an opinion but may not necessarily reveal its flaws. Option B suggests reversing the opinion, which could be helpful in some cases, but not all flawed opinions will be exposed through reversal. Option D suggests thinking of exceptions, which again could be useful but may not necessarily identify all flaws in an opinion.

Question 4

According to the author, we must check facts and test opinions about an issue because sometimes people misstate them. The author lists several ways of checking facts and testing opinions. All of the following are ways of checking facts and testing opinions, except:
A) Consult everyday experiences.
B) Consider the opinion's likely consequences.
C) Reverse the opinion.
D) Consider the character of the source.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the author, we must check...

Question 5

Whenever you are tempted to deny a fair hearing on unfamiliar or opposing ideas, remind yourself that examining an idea begins with embracing the idea.

Accepted Answer

Examining an idea does not necessarily begin with embracing it; it begins with being open to understanding and critically evaluating it, which is different from accepting or embracing the idea without scrutiny.

Question 6

Another reason that facts and opinions can be difficult to distinguish is that opinions are often stated as if they were facts.

Accepted Answer

Opinions can sometimes be presented in a way that makes them sound like facts, which can make it difficult to differentiate between the two. Opinions can be expressed in a way that makes them seem like factual statements, which makes it harder to distinguish between them.

Question 7

When we are checking facts and testing opinions, the strategy of "thinking of exceptions" is an approach that entails identifying and examining related ideas suggested by the opinion.

Accepted Answer

The strategy of "thinking of exceptions" involves identifying instances where the opinion or statement does not hold true, rather than examining related ideas.

Question 8

When checking facts and testing opinions, we should never depend upon everyday experience as an adequate indicator.

Accepted Answer

Everyday experience, while not the only source, can provide valuable insights and evidence for testing opinions and checking facts, but it should be supplemented with other methods of verification for a comprehensive understanding.

Question 9

To be a , you will need to develop the habit of testing opinions......your own as well as others.....before trusting them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To be a , you will need...

Question 10

According to the author, "thinking" is defined as:
A) A purposeful mental activity.
B) A way to manipulate behaviors.
C) An idle activity for scholars and dreamers.
D) A way to coordinate thought with emotion.

Accepted Answer

The author defines "thinking" as a purposeful mental activity, emphasizing the intentionality and goal-oriented nature of the process. The other answer choices do not accurately reflect the author's definition. The author defines "thinking" as a purposeful mental activity throughout the article. The other options are not supported by the text.

Question 11

The human mind is capable of much more than passively receiving and storing information. It has the potential to seek out and evaluate ideas, use them to solve problems, resolve issues, and meet everyday challenges. In a word, the human mind has the potential for .
A) Manipulation
B) Thinking
C) Learning
D) Processing

Accepted Answer

The sentence indicates that the human mind has the potential to actively engage with ideas and use them to solve problems, indicating a capacity for thinking. While the other choices might play a role in this process, they do not fully capture the range of activities that the sentence suggests. The sentence states that the human mind has the ability to "seek out and evaluate ideas, use them to solve problems, resolve issues, and meet everyday challenges," which are all functions of thinking. While all of the listed choices may be related to the human mind, only thinking accurately reflects the potential described in the sentence.

Question 12

The author tells us that distinguishing facts from opinions can be difficult for all the following reasons except:
A) Not every statement of fact is factual.
B) Opinions are often stated as if they were facts.
C) Opinions are considered factual if they come from someone you respect.
D) Over time, some opinions acquire the status of facts.

Accepted Answer

The author lists A, B, and D as reasons why distinguishing facts from opinions can be difficult. The author does not mention that opinions are considered factual if they come from someone you respect. Therefore, C is the correct answer. The author lists three reasons that can make it difficult to distinguish between facts and opinions, including the fact that not every statement of fact is factual, opinions are often stated as if they were facts, and over time, some opinions acquire the status of facts. The author does not mention that opinions are considered factual if they come from someone you respect, so option C is the correct answer.

Question 13

According to the author, intelligence isn't just something we have. It is, more importantly, something we do.

Accepted Answer

The author states in the sentence "intelligence isn't just something we have. It is, more importantly, something we do" that intelligence is not just a static trait but an active process that we engage in. The author states in the sentence "Intelligence isn't just something we have. It is, more importantly, something we do." that intelligence is not just a static trait, but also involves our actions and behaviors.

Question 14

_, as we define it in this book, is a purposeful mental activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _, as we define it in this...

Question 15

the opinion is a technique for evaluating opinions by taking the exact opposite of the opinion and determining if a case can be made for it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of the opinion is a technique for evaluating...

Question 16

A statement cannot be both true and false at the same time and in the same way. This statement represents what principle?
A) The "Transition" principle
B) The principle of "Contradiction"
C) The "Golden Rule" principle
D) The principle of "Expectancy"

Accepted Answer

This statement represents the principle of "Contradiction," which states that a statement cannot be both true and false at the same time and in the same way. This principle is a fundamental principle of logic and reasoning, and it underlies many other principles and concepts in these fields. This statement represents the principle of "Contradiction," which states that a proposition cannot be both true and false at the same time and in the same way. This is a foundational principle of logic and reasoning, and is essential for determining the truth or falsehood of statements.

Question 17

According to the author, American philosopher George Santayana observed that "people are usually more firmly convinced that their opinions are precious than they are true." The author goes on to say that "if you reflect on the skeptical views of opinions, you will appreciate that they underline an important reality-not all opinions are equally sound. Some are wise, others are foolish, and most fall somewhere between the two extremes." If the author is correct and opinions are somewhere between wise and foolish, then why are they so precious to each of us?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the author, American philosopher George...

Question 18

According to the text, there are three broad dimensions of thinking; what are they?
A) Thinking, feeling, and wanting
B) Emotional, creative, and reactive
C) Reflective, creative, and critical
D) Processing, thinking, and verbalizing

Accepted Answer

The text states that the three broad dimensions of thinking are reflective thinking, creative thinking, and critical thinking. Option A is incorrect because "feeling" and "wanting" are not dimensions of thinking, but rather related to emotions and motivation. Option B is incorrect because "emotional" and "reactive" are not dimensions of thinking, but rather related to emotional responses. Option D is incorrect because "processing" and "verbalizing" are not dimensions of thinking, but rather related to cognitive processes and communication. The text states that the three broad dimensions of thinking are reflective, creative, and critical.

Question 19

The principle of contradiction applies whenever opposing statements make exactly
assertions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The principle of contradiction applies whenever opposing...

Question 20

When one idea is expressed, closely related ideas are simultaneously conveyed, logically and inescapably. In addition to conveying ideas closely linked to it in meaning, an idea can imply other ideas. How do ideas link to other ideas?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When one idea is expressed, closely related...

Quiz 1: Becoming a Critical Thinker

As used in critical thinking, the term refers only to matters of judgment, not to matters of taste or personal preference.

The author tells us that the foundation of thinking are .

When checking facts and testing opinions, one way to recognize that an opinion is flawed is to observe that it leads to unintended, and sometimes undesired, consequences. This method of testing opinions is called _.

According to the author, we must check facts and test opinions about an issue because sometimes people misstate them. The author lists several ways of checking facts and testing opinions. All of the following are ways of checking facts and testing opinions, except:

Whenever you are tempted to deny a fair hearing on unfamiliar or opposing ideas, remind yourself that examining an idea begins with embracing the idea.

Another reason that facts and opinions can be difficult to distinguish is that opinions are often stated as if they were facts.

When we are checking facts and testing opinions, the strategy of "thinking of exceptions" is an approach that entails identifying and examining related ideas suggested by the opinion.

When checking facts and testing opinions, we should never depend upon everyday experience as an adequate indicator.

To be a , you will need to develop the habit of testing opinions......your own as well as others.....before trusting them.

According to the author, "thinking" is defined as:

The human mind is capable of much more than passively receiving and storing information. It has the potential to seek out and evaluate ideas, use them to solve problems, resolve issues, and meet everyday challenges. In a word, the human mind has the potential for .

The author tells us that distinguishing facts from opinions can be difficult for all the following reasons except:

According to the author, intelligence isn't just something we have. It is, more importantly, something we do.

_, as we define it in this book, is a purposeful mental activity.

the opinion is a technique for evaluating opinions by taking the exact opposite of the opinion and determining if a case can be made for it.

A statement cannot be both true and false at the same time and in the same way. This statement represents what principle?

According to the text, there are three broad dimensions of thinking; what are they?

The principle of contradiction applies whenever opposing statements make exactly assertions.

When one idea is expressed, closely related ideas are simultaneously conveyed, logically and inescapably. In addition to conveying ideas closely linked to it in meaning, an idea can imply other ideas. How do ideas link to other ideas?