The etiology of inborn errors of metabolism can best be described as:

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Inborn errors of metabolism result from a genetic error in the flow of metabolic pathways. This includes defects in the enzymes responsible for biochemical reactions, transport proteins, and regulatory elements. These defects can lead to a buildup of toxic metabolites, a deficiency of essential metabolites, or both. Inborn errors of metabolism are genetic errors in metabolic flow, meaning there is an error in the way that certain metabolic pathways function due to a genetic mutation. This can lead to a lack of enzymes or substrates, as well as other types of metabolic dysfunction, but ultimately the root cause is a genetic error. Defective transport of amino acids may be a symptom of certain inborn errors of metabolism, but it is not the underlying cause.

The Etiology of Inborn Errors of Metabolism Can Best Be