Question 1

Most Americans distinguish among intimate, personal, social, and public distance.

Accepted Answer

According to Edward T. Hall's theory of proxemics, most Americans do distinguish among intimate, personal, social, and public distance in their interactions with others. This is true. Edward T. Hall's theory of proxemics identifies four different types of distances that people use in communication: intimate distance (0-18 inches), personal distance (18 inches to 4 feet), social distance (4-12 feet), and public distance (12 feet or more). These distances dictate the level of intimacy and formality in communication and interactions among people.

Question 2

In Maria s social life, she is part of a legal, immigrant family living together, but she just came out of the closet as a lesbian which caused so much stress and conflict at home and school that no one is talking to her in the same way. The status of lesbian is:
A) shaped by fashion.
B) culturally not organized for the family to comprehend.
C) a form of political rebellion in action.
D) a master status.

Accepted Answer

A master status is an identity that dominates and affects all other aspects of a person's life, and in this case, Maria's newly revealed identity as a lesbian has become her master status, overshadowing her familial and cultural identities. The stress and conflict caused by her coming out have significantly altered her relationships and social interactions, highlighting the importance and impact of this identity on her life. In this situation, Maria's lesbian identity has become her master status, meaning that it has come to dominate and influence how she is perceived by others and how she perceives herself. This is evident in the conflict and tension that has arisen with her family and community as a result of her coming out as a lesbian.

Question 3

A person s master status is likely to change only once during their lifetime.

Accepted Answer

A person's master status can change multiple times throughout their lifetime based on various factors such as career choices, familial status, and personal achievements. A person's master status can change multiple times throughout their lifetime. Master statuses are those that have significant importance in shaping a person's identity and social interactions, such as occupation, gender, race, or disability. These statuses can be influenced by personal achievements or changes in circumstances, leading to shifts in how others perceive and interact with the individual.

Question 4

Physical distant and eye contact are less important than basic language skills in social interaction.

Accepted Answer

Eye contact and physical distance play important roles in nonverbal communication and can affect social interaction. However, basic language skills are crucial for effective verbal communication and forming relationships with others. Eye contact and physical distance are important nonverbal cues in social interaction, and can convey aspects of the speaker's intentions and emotions. While language skills are crucial for effective communication, nonverbal cues are also important in conveying messages and building rapport. Therefore, both language skills and nonverbal cues are important for successful social interaction.

Question 5

The DMV clerk passed a civil service examination and a vocational placement test and was eligible to be bonded. Which of the following describes his social status?
A) master status
B) ascribed status
C) achieved status
D) lower status

Accepted Answer

The DMV clerk's eligibility for bonding is an achieved status as it was obtained through the individual's own efforts and qualifications rather than being ascribed at birth or by circumstances outside of their control. The DMV clerk's social status is achieved because he passed a civil service examination and a vocational placement test to obtain his job and was deemed eligible to be bonded. It was not an ascribed status that he was born into or a master status that defines his entire identity. There is no information to suggest that his status is lower in comparison to others.

Question 6

Socially defined positions that people occupy are known as:
A) roles.
B) statuses.
C) a society.
D) exchanges.
E) conflicts.

Accepted Answer

Socially defined positions that people occupy are known as statuses. Roles refer to the expected behaviors and duties that come with a particular status. Socially defined positions are known as statuses. Roles refer to the behaviors and expectations associated with a particular status. A society is a larger network of social relationships and exchanges refer to the ways in which individuals interact and exchange resources. Conflicts are disagreements or struggles between individuals or groups.

Question 7

Whether we intend it or not, other people take account of our behavior.

Accepted Answer

Our behavior is observed and perceived by others, and they form opinions and make judgments based on it. Therefore, our behavior has an impact on how others perceive us and interact with us. Our behavior can have an impact on how others perceive us or respond to us, even if we are not consciously trying to influence them.

Question 8

___________ is anything people are conscious of doing because of other people.
A) Social interaction
B) Social action
C) Social restraint
D) Conflict

Accepted Answer

Social action refers to any behavior that is conscious and intended to influence or be influenced by another person or group. Social interaction encompasses any type of social action, whether it be positive or negative, while social restraint refers to limitations or restrictions placed on individuals by society or social norms. Conflict may be a result of social action or interaction, but it is not the same concept as social action. Social action refers to any behavior that people engage in because of the presence, actions, or expectations of others. This can include conforming to social norms, following rules and laws, or complying with the requests or demands of others. Social action is a fundamental part of social interaction, but not all social interaction involves social action. Social restraint refers to the opposite of social action, where people refrain from certain behavior because of the presence or judgments of others. Conflict refers to a situation where there is hostility or disagreement between two or more groups or individuals.

Question 9

The girls started cleaning out their closets and laughed at the hair styles and sweaters they wore ten years ago. This shows us that transitory changes in clothing are just:
A) fashion.
B) fads.
C) hysterical.
D) social bonding.

Accepted Answer

Fashion refers to the prevailing styles and trends in clothing, which change over time, as indicated by the girls' reaction to their past styles.

Question 10

Role strain involves facing conflicting but manageable role demands within one status.

Accepted Answer

Role strain occurs when an individual faces multiple demands within one role or status, but those demands are still manageable and not overwhelming. Role strain refers to facing conflicting but manageable role demands within one status, while role conflict involves facing conflicting and incompatible role demands across different statuses.

Question 11

Roles may be thought of as collections of rights and obligations.

Accepted Answer

Roles define what individuals are expected to do and what rights they possess in an organization or society. These expectations can be thought of as obligations or responsibilities and the rights associated with them as privileges or entitlements. Thus, roles can be seen as collections of both rights and obligations. Roles typically involve a set of rights and obligations that define the responsibilities and expectations associated with a particular position or function. This includes things like decision-making authority, access to resources, and duties that must be fulfilled in order to meet goals and objectives.

Question 12

Norms guide us in how we present ourselves to others.

Accepted Answer

Norms are a set of shared expectations about appropriate behaviors and attitudes that guide how individuals interact and present themselves in various social situations. They provide a standard of conduct and help us navigate the unwritten rules of social behavior. Norms refer to socially accepted behaviors and expectations, including those related to how we present ourselves to others.

Question 13

A social status that is occupied as a result of an individual s actions and efforts is known as:
A) achieved status.
B) roles.
C) ascribed status.
D) master status.
E) status offense.

Accepted Answer

Achieved status refers to a social status that an individual has earned or achieved through their own actions and efforts, such as obtaining a college degree or becoming a CEO of a company. It is in contrast to ascribed status, which is a status that an individual is born into, such as race or gender. Roles refer to the behaviors and obligations associated with a particular status or position. A master status is a status that is considered most important or significant, while a status offense is a behavior that is considered a violation because of one's status, such as truancy for a student. Achieved status is a social status that an individual attains as a result of their own efforts and actions, such as through education, career, or achievements. It is contrasted with ascribed status, which is a social status that a person is born into, such as their race or gender. Roles refer to the expected behaviors and responsibilities associated with a particular status. A master status is a social status that is considered more important than others and tends to dominate a person's identity and relationships. A status offense refers to a non-criminal violation of social norms that applies only to certain groups, such as minors or people experiencing homelessness.

Question 14

A social status that is conferred on us by virtue of birth or other significant factors not controlled by our own actions or decisions is known as:
A) achieved status.
B) roles.
C) ascribed status.
D) master status.
E) status offense.

Accepted Answer

An ascribed status is a social status that is given to us at birth or based on other involuntary factors, such as race or gender. It is not something that we have earned or achieved through our actions or decisions. Examples include being born into a wealthy family or being of a certain race or ethnicity. Ascribed status is bestowed upon individuals based on elements such as their race, gender, age, or family background, and are not influenced by personal efforts or accomplishments. Achieved status, on the other hand, is gained through individual merits and hard work, such as education or career accomplishments. Roles refer to the expected behavior associated with a particular status or position. Master status refers to an individual's most notable or socially significant status. Status offense is a term used in juvenile law to describe non-criminal behavior that is considered a violation of a minor's status in society, such as truancy or underage drinking.

Question 15

You see a photograph of a young male holding a handgun. What do you need to make sense out of this photograph?
A) a universal definition of what a gun means
B) the context of the person in the photograph
C) if the ascribed status male holds the achieved status of gangster
D) the normative status order among males in a society

Accepted Answer

To make sense of this photograph, we need to understand the context of the person in the photograph, such as their age, background, and surroundings. This information can help us determine if the person is holding the handgun for a sinister purpose or if they are legally and safely handling the firearm. Without this contextual information, the photograph may be open to misinterpretation. The other options provided are not directly relevant to interpreting the photograph in question. The context of the person in the photograph is crucial in making sense of the situation. Without understanding who the person is and why they are holding the handgun, it is difficult to interpret the meaning of the photograph. The other options may provide additional information but are not as necessary as understanding the context.

Question 16

Dr. O urges everyone to exercise without creating excessive strain on their joints and to improve the nutritional content of their diets. Thousands of people watch Dr. O and do things he recommends. Dr. O is a(n):
A) opinion leader.
B) manipulator.
C) mass media socializer.
D) fad.

Accepted Answer

Dr. O is an opinion leader as he provides advice and recommendations that influence the behavior and decisions of thousands of people. Dr. O is someone who has influence over the opinions and behavior of others. He provides advice on health and wellness that is followed by thousands of people, making him an opinion leader.

Question 17

The 99% demonstration turns violent as rumors spread that the police hit a demonstrator with a tear gas canister. This is an example of:
A) unattributed behavior.
B) revolution.
C) resistance to normative constraints.
D) collective behavior.

Accepted Answer

This scenario is an example of collective behavior, which refers to non-institutionalized actions that occur in a group or crowd and are often spontaneous and unstructured. The rumor of police brutality sparked a collective response from the demonstrators, leading to violent behavior. Collective behavior can also involve protests, riots, and other forms of social unrest. The situation described fits the definition of collective behavior, whereby a group of individuals engage in action that is not necessarily planned or organized in advance. In this case, rumors spread throughout the crowd, leading to a violent reaction.

Question 18

The status of mayor is dependent on who occupies that position.

Accepted Answer

The status of mayor as a position is defined by the role's responsibilities and authority within a municipality's government structure, not by the individual who occupies it.

Question 19

Race is an achieved status in our society.

Accepted Answer

Race is not an achieved status, but rather an ascribed status, which is assigned at birth based on biological characteristics such as skin color, facial features, and hair texture. Achieved statuses are based on accomplishments or actions, such as education, occupation, or marital status, and can change throughout one's lifetime. Race is not an achieved status, but rather an ascribed status, meaning it is determined by factors such as genetics and ancestry, rather than individual effort or achievement.

Question 20

Open competition has less rules than predictable conflicts.

Accepted Answer

Open competition often involves a set of rules or guidelines to ensure fairness and order, whereas predictable conflicts might operate under more understood or implicit norms that could be less formally structured.

Quiz 5: Understanding Social Interaction

Most Americans distinguish among intimate, personal, social, and public distance.

In Maria s social life, she is part of a legal, immigrant family living together, but she just came out of the closet as a lesbian which caused so much stress and conflict at home and school that no one is talking to her in the same way. The status of lesbian is:

A person s master status is likely to change only once during their lifetime.

Physical distant and eye contact are less important than basic language skills in social interaction.

The DMV clerk passed a civil service examination and a vocational placement test and was eligible to be bonded. Which of the following describes his social status?

Socially defined positions that people occupy are known as:

Whether we intend it or not, other people take account of our behavior.

___________ is anything people are conscious of doing because of other people.

The girls started cleaning out their closets and laughed at the hair styles and sweaters they wore ten years ago. This shows us that transitory changes in clothing are just:

Role strain involves facing conflicting but manageable role demands within one status.

Roles may be thought of as collections of rights and obligations.

Norms guide us in how we present ourselves to others.

A social status that is occupied as a result of an individual s actions and efforts is known as:

A social status that is conferred on us by virtue of birth or other significant factors not controlled by our own actions or decisions is known as:

You see a photograph of a young male holding a handgun. What do you need to make sense out of this photograph?

Dr. O urges everyone to exercise without creating excessive strain on their joints and to improve the nutritional content of their diets. Thousands of people watch Dr. O and do things he recommends. Dr. O is a(n) :

The 99% demonstration turns violent as rumors spread that the police hit a demonstrator with a tear gas canister. This is an example of:

The status of mayor is dependent on who occupies that position.

Race is an achieved status in our society.

Open competition has less rules than predictable conflicts.