Question 1

The most famous of the Surrealistic painters was

Accepted Answer

Salvador Dali is widely considered the most famous Surrealist painter, known for his dreamlike and bizarre images. While Picasso was associated with the Surrealist movement for a time, he is not typically categorized as a Surrealist painter. Schonberg was a composer associated with the Expressionist movement, Gropius was an architect and founder of the Bauhaus school, and Pollack was an Abstract Expressionist painter.

Question 2

"Strength through Joy"

Accepted Answer

"Strength through Joy" (or Kraft durch Freude) was a leisure organization established by the Nazi regime to regiment and regulate the free time of German workers. It aimed to offer affordable and organized leisure activities, such as sports, concerts, and vacations, to improve the physical and mental health of workers, and thus increase their productivity and loyalty to the Nazi regime. It was a part of the larger Nazi propaganda machine, which aimed to indoctrinate and control German society.

Question 3

Nazi ideas about appropriate work for women encouraged them to pursue occupations in

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nazi ideas about appropriate work for women...

Question 4

The Stalinist era in the 1930s witnessed

Accepted Answer

The Stalinist era in the 1930s was defined by mass purges and the use of force labor camps, with millions of ordinary citizens being arrested and sent to these camps. This resulted in the deaths of millions of people and the suppression of political dissidents. The other options are incorrect - industrialization was not declining, real wages and social conditions did not improve, there was no abundance of permissive social legislation, and while the Soviet Union did have an activist foreign and military policy, their immediate goal was not to make Eastern Europe a satellite region.

Question 5

The city in which Hitler spent his formative years and developed his fundamental ideas was

Accepted Answer

Hitler spent his formative years and developed his fundamental ideas in Vienna.

Question 6

The film Triumph of the Will , which serves as an example of the propaganda potential of film, is a product of

Accepted Answer

Triumph of the Will is a propaganda film produced in 1935 by Leni Riefenstahl on behalf of the Nazi Party in Germany.

Question 7

The most famous and spectacular of the Nazi mass demonstrations were held in the city of

Accepted Answer

The most famous and spectacular of the Nazi mass demonstrations were held in Nuremberg, Germany. The annual Nuremberg rally, called the Reichsparteitag, brought together party officials, military leaders, and supporters to showcase Nazi power, propaganda, and ideology. These rallies were attended by hundreds of thousands of people and featured elaborate parades, speeches, and choreographed displays of power, including the use of searchlights, flares, and fireworks. These events were also filmed and turned into propaganda films, such as Leni Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will.

Question 8

Joseph Stalin's emergence as leader of the Communist party was aided by

Accepted Answer

Stalin's position as general secretary provided him with control over the appointment of party officials, giving him significant power and influence within the party. This helped him consolidate his power and emerge as the leader of the Communist party. Lenin did not recommend Stalin as his successor and actually warned against his leadership abilities. Stalin also did not have a strong alliance with Trotsky or the Right in the Politburo, and the left in the Politburo did not necessarily support him as their main goal was the spread of Communism. The Soviet military did not play a significant role in Stalin's emergence as leader.

Question 9

The only eastern European nation to maintain political democracy throughout the 1930s was

Accepted Answer

Czechoslovakia was the only Eastern European country to maintain a political democracy throughout the 1930s, while other nations in the region succumbed to authoritarian or totalitarian regimes.

Question 10

The dominant form of government in Eastern Europe in the 1920s and 1930s was

Accepted Answer

Authoritarianism, especially in the form of dictatorships or one-party states, was the dominant form of government in Eastern Europe during the interwar period. This was particularly true in countries like Poland, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. Parliamentary democracy did exist in some Eastern European countries during this time, but it was often fragile and prone to collapse under the pressures of economic hardship and political instability. Russian Soviet-style Communism was mainly limited to the Soviet Union itself, although it did exert some influence on neighboring countries. Christian Socialism and republicanism were both minor political movements in Eastern Europe during the interwar period.

Question 11

Mein Kampf

Accepted Answer

Mein Kampf was an autobiographical work that outlined Hitler's ideology of Aryan supremacy and anti-Semitism. It also depicted his plans for Germany's future, including territorial expansion and the elimination of Jews and other groups deemed undesirable. The book served as a blueprint for the Nazi Party's rise to power and their policies during World War II.

Question 12

Lenin's New Economic Policy was designed to

Accepted Answer

Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) was introduced to revive the economy by allowing some private enterprise and was particularly aimed at increasing the production of food and consumer goods.

Question 13

The collectivization of agriculture under Stalin was characterized by

Accepted Answer

Collectivization under Stalin led to widespread famine, particularly in Ukraine, due to forced consolidation of individual landholdings and livestock into collective farms, resistance from peasants, and poor management.

Question 14

Hitler's anti-Semitic policies in the 1930s

Accepted Answer

Kristallnacht, also known as the Night of Broken Glass, occurred on November 9-10, 1938, and involved attacks on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout Germany. This marked a significant escalation in Hitler's anti-Semitic policies in the 1930s. Option A is incorrect because while the Nuremberg laws did exclude Jews from many aspects of German society, they did not explicitly call for the forced emigration of all Jews from Germany. Option B is incorrect because there is no evidence to suggest that Hitler's anti-Semitic policies were emulated by the Popular Front in France. Option C is incorrect because Jews were, in fact, excluded from many legal, medical, and teaching positions in Nazi Germany. Option D is incorrect because Hitler's anti-Semitic policies were well-established and organized by the time World War II began.

Question 15

Hitler brought Germany out of the Great Depression

Accepted Answer

Hitler's policies of rearmament and public works provided jobs and stimulated the economy, which helped bring Germany out of the Great Depression.

Question 16

In 1936 Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union signed a Nonintervention Agreement that declared they would not get involved in the civil war that had erupted in

Accepted Answer

The Spanish Civil War erupted in 1936, and the Nonintervention Agreement was signed by Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union that same year, declaring that they would not get involved in the conflict. Therefore, the best choice is D) Spain.

Question 17

The Nazis proved to be effective in the realm of politics by

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Nazis proved to be effective in...

Question 18

Among the social policies of the Stalinist era in the Soviet Union was all of the following except

Accepted Answer

During the Stalinist era, there was actually an emphasis on expanding higher education, not a decline.

Question 19

Artistic and intellectual trends in the interwar years reflected

Accepted Answer

The horrors of World War I led to a disillusionment with Western Civilization, which was reflected in the artistic and intellectual trends of the interwar years.

Question 20

The Dada movement in art was known for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

The Dada movement was characterized by its disdain for traditional art and culture, embracing chaos and absurdity, rather than trying to instill a clear sense of purpose and ambition.

Quiz 26: The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939