After being subjected to six months of continual beatings, loss of sleep, and starvation at the hands of their captors, the crew members of the submarine sign false confessions regarding the "war crimes" that their captors say they have committed. This second phase of brainwashing is known as

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This second phase is known as "change," where through the use of physical and psychological stress, the captors induce a state of confusion and vulnerability in the prisoners, making them more susceptible to adopting new beliefs or confessions, even if they are false.

After Being Subjected to Six Months of Continual Beatings, Loss