Question 1

On the basis of current research, which of the following statements most accurately reflects the relationship between academic self-concept and achievement?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates a reciprocal relationship between academic self-concept and achievement. Prior achievement can influence one's academic self-concept, and a strong academic self-concept can, in turn, influence future achievement.

Question 2

The state of flow has been associated with which of the following classroom conditions?

Accepted Answer

The state of flow, a concept introduced by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, occurs when individuals are fully immersed and engaged in an activity that is both challenging and attainable. This balance between challenge and skill leads to optimal experience and performance, which is why option B is correct.

Question 3

Which of the following best represents the kind of learning situation that would encourage a growth choice as defined by Maslow?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's concept of a growth choice involves situations that encourage personal development and self-improvement. A difficult assignment that allows for revisions after feedback provides an opportunity for learning from mistakes and improving, which aligns with the idea of promoting growth and self-actualization.

Question 4

Research on the relationship between academic self-concept and achievement suggests that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates a reciprocal relationship between academic self-concept and achievement. Prior achievements can influence how students view their academic abilities (academic self-concept), and a strong academic self-concept can motivate students to achieve more, suggesting a bidirectional influence.

Question 5

Self-esteem is based on __________, whereas self-concept is based on __________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Self-esteem is based on __________, whereas self-concept...

Question 6

Miss Peters is interested in changing the faulty attributions of one of her students because she feels that these inaccurate beliefs are sabotaging the student's motivation. Research suggests that faulty attributions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Miss Peters is interested in changing the...

Question 7

Mr. Castillo would like to apply Atkinson's theory of need for achievement in his classroom. This could be problematic because

Accepted Answer

Achievement need is difficult to measure in the short term because it involves long-term goals and intrinsic motivation, which are not easily quantifiable in a classroom setting.

Question 8

Research suggests that faulty attributions

Accepted Answer

Faulty attributions are difficult to change primarily because they are deeply rooted in students' beliefs about their abilities. These beliefs influence how students interpret their successes and failures, making it challenging to alter their attributions.

Question 9

The difference between personal interest and situational interest is best reflected by which of the following dichotomies?

Accepted Answer

Personal interest refers to long-term, enduring interests that are part of an individual's identity, whereas situational interest is often temporary, sparked by specific circumstances or contexts.

Question 10

Lindel is told that his IQ score is 100, which indicates average current intellectual functioning. He responds, "Hmmm . . . average. I bet I can improve my score if I study harder." According to Carol Dweck, Lindel

Accepted Answer

Lindel's belief that he can improve his IQ score through effort aligns with Carol Dweck's concept of an incremental theory of intelligence, which posits that intelligence can grow with time and effort.

Question 11

In terms of evaluating the utility of Maslow's theory, it is helpful if teachers recognize that

Accepted Answer

Teachers may not be able to satisfy all of their students' deficiency needs, as these needs can be influenced by factors outside the classroom, such as family and social environments. Recognizing this limitation is important for effectively applying Maslow's theory in educational settings.

Question 12

According to attribution theory, high need achievers typically attribute success in school to _______________ and failure in school to _______________.

Accepted Answer

High need achievers typically attribute their success to internal factors like their own abilities and their failures to controllable factors like lack of effort, according to attribution theory. This reflects their belief in personal control over outcomes.

Question 13

Maslow believed that all but which one of the following statements are true of self-actualizing people?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's theory of self-actualization suggests that self-actualizing individuals have met their deficiency needs (physiological, safety, love/belonging, and esteem) and are motivated by growth needs, which are not solely determined by their status regarding deficiency needs. Growth needs are more about realizing one's potential and less about the status of deficiency needs.

Question 14

Mr. Varol, a middle school teacher, doesn't quite know what to make of Jacob, one of his high-achieving students. When Mr. Varol assigns a challenging in-class project that has to be completed within a certain time period and as part of a cooperative learning group, Jacob often ignores the efforts of the other members of his group and continues to work beyond the time limit. The behavior that Jacob exhibits under these conditions most likely reflects

Accepted Answer

Jacob's behavior of becoming intensely focused and absorbed in his work, to the extent of ignoring his peers and time constraints, is indicative of a flow state. This is a psychological state where individuals are fully immersed and involved in an activity, often leading to high levels of personal satisfaction and achievement.

Question 15

A student of yours consistently seems to make unwise choices while in your classroom. She always finds opportunities to antagonize classmates, and while she is quite bright, she rarely turns homework in on time or does it correctly. In short, she always seems to choose the path to failure. According to Maslow, what are the probable reasons behind the student's behavior?

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the student's behavior may stem from unmet needs for belongingness and self-esteem, leading her to seek attention and acceptance in negative ways.

Question 16

Maslow suggests that people are likely to make _______________ decisions when their deficiency needs are not met.

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory suggests that when deficiency needs (such as physiological, safety, love, and esteem needs) are unmet, individuals may make poor decisions as they are focused on fulfilling these basic needs rather than making well-considered choices.

Question 17

A limitation to applying Maslow's theory in the classroom is that

Accepted Answer

Maslow's theory suggests that individuals are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs. In a classroom setting, teachers might find it challenging to meet all of their students' basic or deficiency needs (such as physiological needs, safety, love/belonging) due to various factors like resources, time, and the individual circumstances of each student. This limitation can affect the application of Maslow's hierarchy in educational settings.

Question 18

If you wanted your instructional activities to be consistent with current research findings on the relationship between academic self-concept and achievement, you would

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you wanted your instructional activities to...

Question 19

Justine has positive self-esteem and strongly believes that goodness and beauty exist in the world. In addition, she holds individuals with a strong sense of humor in high regard. According to Maslow, Justine may be satisfying her need for

Accepted Answer

Justine's positive self-esteem, belief in goodness and beauty, and value for humor align with Maslow's concept of self-actualization, which involves realizing one's potential and appreciating life's experiences.

Question 20

If you were impressed by Maslow's diagram of a choice situation, and if you wanted to encourage growth choices by your students, the best procedure to follow would be to

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you were impressed by Maslow's diagram...

Quiz 11: Motivation and Perceptions of Self