Question 1

Administering a test with precisely the same instructions and format is giving it under

Accepted Answer

Administering a test with precisely the same instructions and format to ensure consistency and reliability is referred to as giving it under standard conditions. This approach helps in making sure that the test results are comparable across different test takers or groups.

Question 2

The first structured personality test was the

Accepted Answer

The Woodworth Personal Data Sheet, developed during World War I, is considered the first structured personality test. It was designed to identify soldiers at risk of developing shell shock.

Question 3

Who is associated with the development of the TAT?

Accepted Answer

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was developed by Henry A. Murray and Christiana D. Morgan at Harvard University in the 1930s. It is a projective psychological test used to reveal a person's social drives or needs by their interpretation of a series of pictures of emotionally ambiguous situations.

Question 4

The Rorschach was introduced into the United States by

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Rorschach was introduced into the United...

Question 5

The first group tests of human abilities were developed for

Accepted Answer

The first group tests of human abilities were developed during World War I for the purpose of selecting soldiers to fight for the United States. These tests were designed to assess the mental abilities of recruits to aid in their assignment to appropriate military roles.

Question 6

The use of standardized tests after World War I culminated with the publication of the

Accepted Answer

The Stanford Achievement Test was published after World War I, building on the use of standardized testing during the war.

Question 7

A child's mental age

Accepted Answer

Mental age is a measure of a child's intellectual performance compared to the average performance of children in the same age group.

Question 8

Which of the following is a group test of human ability for an adult that does NOT require the subject to be literate?

Accepted Answer

The Army Beta test was specifically designed for non-English speakers and those who were illiterate or had minimal literacy, making it suitable for adults who cannot read.

Question 9

Dr. Johnson is trying to establish norms for his new test. He determined that 50% of the people in the population are Hispanic, 20% are Caucasian, 15% are Asian, and 15% are African American. He uses the same proportions when he creates a

Accepted Answer

A representative sample is one that mirrors the population demographics or characteristics it is meant to represent. By using the same proportions of ethnic groups in his sample as are present in the population, Dr. Johnson is ensuring that his sample is representative of the population.

Question 10

Eight-year-old Daniel was administered the Binet-Simon Scale, and the results suggested that he was functioning at the same level as an average senior in high school. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

The Binet-Simon Scale measures mental age, comparing an individual's cognitive abilities to those of others in different age groups. In this case, Daniel's performance being equivalent to that of an average high school senior indicates his mental age is much higher than his chronological age, which is characteristic of a mental age scale assessment.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a trait?

Accepted Answer

Pessimism is an example of a trait because it describes a consistent pattern of thinking and behaving, reflecting a person's stable characteristic or tendency to expect negative outcomes. Traits are enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself, which are exhibited in a wide range of social and personal contexts. Unlike states such as depression, fear, and anger, which can be temporary and situationally induced, traits like pessimism are more persistent over time and across situations.

Question 12

The successful revision of the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale for use in the United States was developed by

Accepted Answer

Lewis M. Terman, a psychologist at Stanford University, revised the Binet-Simon scale, creating the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, which became widely used in the United States for assessing intelligence.

Question 13

The Rorschach presents ambiguous stimuli to an individual who then provides his or her own personal interpretation. This is an example of what kind of test?

Accepted Answer

The Rorschach test is a projective psychological test consisting of ambiguous stimuli, in this case, inkblots, that a person is asked to interpret. The theory behind projective tests is that individuals project their own unconscious thoughts and feelings onto the ambiguous stimuli, providing insight into their inner world.

Question 14

A trait is ____.

Accepted Answer

Traits are considered enduring dispositions that distinguish one individual from another, highlighting the consistent patterns in people's behaviors, thoughts, and emotions across various situations.

Question 15

Which of the following are both projective tests?

Accepted Answer

The Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) are both projective tests, designed to reveal the respondent's underlying motives, conflicts, and personality traits through their interpretations of ambiguous stimuli.

Question 16

Robert Yerkes led the team of psychologists that developed the

Accepted Answer

Robert Yerkes was a key figure in developing the Army Alpha and Army Beta tests during World War I. These tests were designed to assess the intellectual and cognitive abilities of military recruits.

Question 17

The concept of mental age was introduced in

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concept of mental age was introduced...

Question 18

Structured personality tests became unpopular in the 1930s and 1940s because they

Accepted Answer

Structured personality tests became unpopular during this time because they relied on the face value of responses, which made them easy to fake and thus less reliable for assessing true personality traits.

Question 19

Which of the following tests produced both a verbal and a performance IQ?

Accepted Answer

The Wechsler-Bellevue Scale was designed to measure both verbal and performance IQ, introducing a more comprehensive assessment of intelligence compared to earlier tests.

Question 20

A major problem with the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet was that

Accepted Answer

The Woodworth Personal Data Sheet, an early psychological assessment tool, assumed the answers given by individuals were truthful and did not account for the possibility of deception or social desirability bias, which is why taking answers at face value was a major problem.

Quiz 1: Introduction