Question 1

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates aggression?

Accepted Answer

Aggression is defined as any behavior intended to harm another person who is motivated to avoid that harm. Ginger kicking MaryAnn to prevent her from eating the last coconut pie is a direct act of aggression intended to cause harm or discomfort to MaryAnn to achieve a specific outcome. The other scenarios do not illustrate intentional harm towards others.

Question 2

The fact that groping schoolgirls on the train in Japan is not uncommon illustrates that

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of groping schoolgirls on trains in Japan highlights cultural differences in perceptions and tolerances of what constitutes unacceptable aggression towards children. This behavior, while criminal and widely condemned within Japanese society itself, points to varying global standards and responses to child protection and sexual harassment.

Question 3

Which of the following best illustrates chikan, a practice widely criticized in Japan?

Accepted Answer

Chikan refers to the act of groping, often in public spaces such as trains, and is a recognized social issue in Japan, particularly involving men targeting women and schoolgirls.

Question 4

Which of the following situations best illustrates instrumental aggression?

Accepted Answer

Instrumental aggression is goal-oriented aggression, where the aggressor aims to achieve a specific outcome. In choice C, Karen pinches Grace to make her move so she can access the liquor cabinet, which is a clear example of using aggression as a means to an end.

Question 5

College students in the U.S. tend to be more likely than those of other nations to disapprove of

Accepted Answer

College students in the U.S. tend to have strong views against domestic violence, including a husband slapping his wife, reflecting broader societal norms and legal frameworks that condemn such actions.

Question 6

The Amish, the Hutterites, and the Mennonites are all examples of societies that live in the violent United States without, for the most part, having become violent themselves. What is a similar type of nonviolent culture that resides in Southern Mexico?

Accepted Answer

The Zapotec people, residing in Southern Mexico, are known for their nonviolent culture, similar to the Amish, Hutterites, and Mennonites in the United States.

Question 7

A negative, antagonistic attitude toward another person or group is called

Accepted Answer

Hostility refers to a negative, antagonistic attitude toward another person or group, often characterized by feelings of anger, contempt, or dislike.

Question 8

Group attacks against other groups are less prevalent in

Accepted Answer

Group attacks against other groups, such as ethnic or religious violence, are less prevalent in the United States compared to regions like the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Africa, where historical, ethnic, and religious conflicts are more common.

Question 9

Robbing a bank because you need money is an example of ____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

Proactive aggression is goal-directed behavior aimed at achieving a specific outcome, such as obtaining money. Robbing a bank for money is a planned, instrumental act to achieve a specific goal, fitting the definition of proactive aggression.

Question 10

The term that best describes the difference between aggression and violence is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term that best describes the difference...

Question 11

One form of aggression that is prevalent across virtually all cultures is

Accepted Answer

The answer of One form of aggression that is prevalent...

Question 12

When Katie found out that her brother Matt had pulled the heads off all of her Barbie dolls, she threw her Easy Bake oven at him. Katie's behavior illustrates ____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

Katie's behavior is an example of reactive aggression, which occurs in response to being frustrated or hurt by another person's actions. In this case, Katie reacts aggressively to her brother's destructive behavior towards her possessions.

Question 13

Which of the following would decrease the likelihood that Chris would behave in a physically aggressive manner?

Accepted Answer

Research has not found a direct link between being gay and increased physical aggression. In contrast, factors like age (teenagers often have less impulse control), gender (males are statistically more likely to exhibit physical aggression), and intoxication (alcohol can lower inhibitions and increase aggression) are all associated with higher rates of physical aggression.

Question 14

Craig and colleagues (2000) set up hidden cameras and microphones in a Canadian schoolyard and found that bullying in midsized schools occurred at a rate of ____ episodes per hour.

Accepted Answer

Craig and colleagues (2000) conducted a study in a Canadian schoolyard where they set up hidden cameras and microphones, finding that bullying occurred at a rate of 4.5 episodes per hour in midsized schools.

Question 15

Proactive is the same as ____ aggression, while reactive is the same as ____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

Proactive aggression is instrumental, aimed at achieving a specific goal, while reactive aggression is emotional, a response to perceived threats or frustration.

Question 16

What was evident from the research by Forbes and others (2009, 2011) about how levels of aggression differed in individualist versus collectivist cultures?

Accepted Answer

Forbes and others' research indicated that aggression levels were higher in individualist cultures compared to collectivist ones, with the United States often cited as an example of a highly individualist culture where higher levels of aggression were observed.

Question 17

Whitley feels intensely displeased that Lena deliberately left the tuna fish sandwich sitting out in the sun so that Whitley would get food poisoning after she ate it. Whitley's emotional response would best be described as

Accepted Answer

Anger is an emotional response that is characterized by feelings of displeasure, hostility, and irritability. It is often triggered by a perceived threat or injustice, and it can lead to aggressive behavior. In this case, Whitley is feeling angry because she believes that Lena deliberately left the tuna fish sandwich out in the sun so that she would get food poisoning.

Question 18

The defining characteristic of aggression is that the aggressor

Accepted Answer

The defining characteristic of aggression is the intention to harm another living being, regardless of the actual outcome or the emotional state of the aggressor.

Question 19

U.S. citizens tend to be more likely than those of other nations to engage in

Accepted Answer

The United States has a significantly higher rate of gun-related violence against individuals compared to other nations, largely due to its unique gun culture and gun ownership laws.

Question 20

Aggressive behavior whereby harm is inflicted as a means to a desired end is known as ____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

Proactive aggression is characterized by deliberate behavior aimed at achieving a specific goal, often involving harm to others as a means to that end. It is premeditated and goal-oriented, unlike reactive aggression, which is a response to perceived threats or provocations.

Quiz 11: Aggression