Question 1

Nearly 3% of the total adult population in the United States is currently under some form of correctional supervision.

Accepted Answer

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, as of 2019, approximately 2.2% of the adult population in the United States was incarcerated or under some form of community supervision (such as probation or parole). However, this percentage may have increased or decreased since then.

Question 2

Specific deterrence attempts to deter the general public from committing specific types of crime. ​

Accepted Answer

Specific deterrence is focused on deterring individual offenders from committing future crimes, not the general public.

Question 3

Recidivism can be measured through rates of rearrest, reconviction, or reincarceration. ​

Accepted Answer

Recidivism can be measured through rates of rearrest, reconviction, or reincarceration.

Question 4

All U.S. states have adopted some form of mandatory minimum sentencing laws for certain types of offenses that require a minimum period of time be served before release can be considered.

Accepted Answer

Mandatory minimum sentencing laws have been adopted in all U.S. states for certain offenses, such as drug-related crimes, to ensure a minimum period of incarceration before eligibility for release.

Question 5

"Evidence-based practices" refers to using the experience and opinions of trained professionals in the field, who have supervised caseloads for a long time, to determine the impact a program has on its participants. ​

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based practices refer to using research and empirical evidence to determine the effectiveness of a program, rather than relying solely on professional experience and opinions.

Question 6

Parole is used for offenders who have not yet been convicted of a felony offense. ​

Accepted Answer

Parole is used for offenders who have been convicted of a felony offense and have been released from prison early under certain conditions. Pretrial release is used for defendants who have not yet been convicted and are allowed to be released from custody while their case is pending.

Question 7

"Net widening" results in a cost increase instead of a cost savings. ​

Accepted Answer

Net widening occurs when a program or policy designed to reduce costs or minimize harm actually expands the target population, leading to increased costs rather than savings.

Question 8

Robert Martinson, a social scientist tasked with examining prison programming in the United States during the 1960s, determined that correctional rehabilitation programs were effective at reducing recidivism.

Accepted Answer

Robert Martinson's research, known as the "Nothing Works" doctrine, concluded that correctional rehabilitation programs had little to no effect on reducing recidivism.

Question 9

Pretrial supervision is reserved for those who have not yet been convicted. ​

Accepted Answer

Pretrial supervision is a form of monitoring for individuals who are awaiting trial and have not yet been convicted of a crime.

Question 10

The pretrial and bail decision is one of the three major decision points in the corrections system. ​

Accepted Answer

The pretrial and bail decision is indeed one of the three major decision points in the corrections system, along with the sentencing decision and the release decision.

Question 11

Due to the recent fiscal crisis, there is growing consensus among state legislators and correctional administrators that jail and prison facilities should only be used for the most serious offenders. ​

Accepted Answer

The fiscal crisis has led to budget constraints, prompting policymakers to reconsider the cost-effectiveness of incarcerating non-violent offenders and to focus on alternatives for less serious crimes.

Question 12

Community corrections are sanctions that may be completed after a defendant serves time in prison.

Accepted Answer

Community corrections are sanctions that are typically served in lieu of prison time, not after.

Question 13

In contrast to mainstream criminal justice that is focused on punishment of the offender, restorative justice is centered on the victim throughout the process and emphasizes the offender's responsibility to repair the injustice and wrong caused to the victim. ​

Accepted Answer

Restorative justice places a focus on the victim and emphasizes the offender's responsibility to repair harm caused to the victim, rather than solely punishing the offender.

Question 14

According to a recent national public opinion poll, the most well-known forms of community-based corrections in the United States are probation, house arrest, and electronic monitoring.

Accepted Answer

This statement is accurate and reflects the findings of a national public opinion poll. Probation, house arrest, and electronic monitoring are among the most well-known forms of community-based corrections in the United States.

Question 15

Until the 1990s, determinate sentencing was the primary sentencing philosophy in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Indeterminate sentencing was the primary philosophy in the United States until the 1970s, when determinate sentencing began to gain popularity.

Question 16

"Redeemability" refers to convincing the public that offenders can change their ways. ​

Accepted Answer

Redeemability refers to the belief that offenders can change their ways and be rehabilitated. It is important for a criminal justice system to promote this idea in order to increase the likelihood of successful reentry and reduce recidivism.

Question 17

Parole is more frequently used at the federal level as opposed to the state level. ​

Accepted Answer

Parole is more commonly used at the state level, as many states have parole systems, while the federal system abolished parole for federal offenses committed after 1987.

Question 18

According to the text, the most common form of community supervision is probation.

Accepted Answer

The text states that "Probation is the most common form of community supervision."

Question 19

Less than half of all current U.S. prisoners will ever be released from prison. ​

Accepted Answer

Most U.S. prisoners are eventually released, as the majority are serving fixed-term sentences rather than life sentences without parole.

Question 20

Over the last three decades, our nation's crime control policies have resulted in a steady increase of convicted misdemeanants and felons into our correctional system.

Accepted Answer

Over the past 30 years, there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals incarcerated in the U.S., due to tougher crime control policies, including mandatory sentencing and the war on drugs.

Quiz 1: An Overview of Community Corrections Goals and Evidence Based Practices

Nearly 3% of the total adult population in the United States is currently under some form of correctional supervision.

Specific deterrence attempts to deter the general public from committing specific types of crime. ​

Recidivism can be measured through rates of rearrest, reconviction, or reincarceration. ​

All U.S. states have adopted some form of mandatory minimum sentencing laws for certain types of offenses that require a minimum period of time be served before release can be considered.

"Evidence-based practices" refers to using the experience and opinions of trained professionals in the field, who have supervised caseloads for a long time, to determine the impact a program has on its participants. ​

Parole is used for offenders who have not yet been convicted of a felony offense. ​

"Net widening" results in a cost increase instead of a cost savings. ​

Robert Martinson, a social scientist tasked with examining prison programming in the United States during the 1960s, determined that correctional rehabilitation programs were effective at reducing recidivism.

Pretrial supervision is reserved for those who have not yet been convicted. ​

The pretrial and bail decision is one of the three major decision points in the corrections system. ​

Due to the recent fiscal crisis, there is growing consensus among state legislators and correctional administrators that jail and prison facilities should only be used for the most serious offenders. ​

Community corrections are sanctions that may be completed after a defendant serves time in prison.

In contrast to mainstream criminal justice that is focused on punishment of the offender, restorative justice is centered on the victim throughout the process and emphasizes the offender's responsibility to repair the injustice and wrong caused to the victim. ​

According to a recent national public opinion poll, the most well-known forms of community-based corrections in the United States are probation, house arrest, and electronic monitoring.

Until the 1990s, determinate sentencing was the primary sentencing philosophy in the United States.

"Redeemability" refers to convincing the public that offenders can change their ways. ​

Parole is more frequently used at the federal level as opposed to the state level. ​

According to the text, the most common form of community supervision is probation.

Less than half of all current U.S. prisoners will ever be released from prison. ​

Over the last three decades, our nation's crime control policies have resulted in a steady increase of convicted misdemeanants and felons into our correctional system.

Specific deterrence attempts to deter the general public from committing specific types of crime.

Recidivism can be measured through rates of rearrest, reconviction, or reincarceration.

"Evidence-based practices" refers to using the experience and opinions of trained professionals in the field, who have supervised caseloads for a long time, to determine the impact a program has on its participants.

Parole is used for offenders who have not yet been convicted of a felony offense.

"Net widening" results in a cost increase instead of a cost savings.

Pretrial supervision is reserved for those who have not yet been convicted.

The pretrial and bail decision is one of the three major decision points in the corrections system.

Due to the recent fiscal crisis, there is growing consensus among state legislators and correctional administrators that jail and prison facilities should only be used for the most serious offenders.

In contrast to mainstream criminal justice that is focused on punishment of the offender, restorative justice is centered on the victim throughout the process and emphasizes the offender's responsibility to repair the injustice and wrong caused to the victim.

"Redeemability" refers to convincing the public that offenders can change their ways.

Parole is more frequently used at the federal level as opposed to the state level.

Less than half of all current U.S. prisoners will ever be released from prison.