Byron, who attended a massage workshop, is less skilled at massage than Salima, who has to massage her ill mother daily. This is an instance in which _____ is less efficient than behavior that has been shaped by _____.
A) rule-governed behavior; natural contingencies
B) contingency-shaped behavior; rules
C) positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement
D) negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Rule-governed behavior is less efficient than behavior shaped by natural contingencies because Byron learned massage through instructions (rules), while Salima's skills were honed through direct, repeated experience (natural contingencies) with her mother's needs.

Byron, Who Attended a Massage Workshop, Is Less Skilled at Massage