Question 1

According to Sternberg, the strongest relationships can be described as those with

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love suggests that the strongest relationships are those where the components of love (intimacy, passion, and commitment) are closely matched between partners, forming a balanced love triangle.

Question 2

Edwin happens upon a crime in progress but does nothing to assist the victims or even summon the police. Later, he says he was afraid for his personal safety. This type of explanation, which may help explain the inaction of witnesses in the case of Kitty Genovese, is best described by the principle of _________.

Accepted Answer

The principle of perceived cost explains Edwin's inaction as he weighed the potential danger to himself against the benefits of intervening. This principle suggests that individuals may refrain from helping in emergency situations if they perceive the personal costs or risks to be too high.

Question 3

Which of the following definitions best describes out-group negativism?

Accepted Answer

Out-group negativism refers to the tendency to view and judge members of out-groups more negatively than those within one's own group, attributing more negative characteristics to them.

Question 4

Discrimination represents which attitudinal component of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Discrimination is the behavioral component of prejudice, as it involves actions or behaviors directed towards individuals based on their group membership.

Question 5

The contact hypothesis suggests that prejudice

Accepted Answer

The contact hypothesis posits that under appropriate conditions, interpersonal contact is one of the most effective ways to reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members.

Question 6

Paul and Joanna have a love relationship characterized by high levels of intimacy, passion, and commitment. Using the triangular model, their love would be described as

Accepted Answer

Consummate love, according to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, is characterized by the presence of all three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. Paul and Joanna's relationship, which has high levels of all three, fits this description perfectly.

Question 7

Which personality type has been found to be associated with the development of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian personalities are more likely to develop prejudice because they tend to adhere to conventional values and norms, are submissive to authority figures, and show aggression towards those who violate societal norms, making them more prone to prejudicial attitudes.

Question 8

Which researcher(s)is/are associated with the study of bystander intervention?

Accepted Answer

Latane and Darley are known for their work on the bystander effect and bystander intervention, which explores how the presence of others affects an individual's likelihood to help a person in distress.

Question 9

Jamal is in a situation where another person needs help. According to the bystander intervention model, Jamal's first step will be

Accepted Answer

The first step in the bystander intervention model is recognizing a need for help. This step precedes interpreting the event as an emergency, assuming personal responsibility, choosing a way to help, and finally implementing the decision to help.

Question 10

Dr. Vanchella suspects that one of her college students does not have any money for food. She arranges for money to be put on the student's meal card without telling the student. Which term best describes Vanchella's motive?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Vanchella's actions are best described as altruistic because she is acting out of a selfless concern for the well-being of the student, expecting nothing in return.

Question 11

In Sternberg's model of love, the desire to maintain the relationship through good times and bad times is called

Accepted Answer

In Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love, commitment refers to the decision to maintain a relationship despite the difficulties and costs that may arise, representing the cognitive aspect of love.

Question 12

All but which of the following may help explain the inaction of witnesses in the famous case of Kitty Genovese?

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is not typically considered a factor in the bystander effect, which explains the inaction of witnesses. The other options relate to psychological and situational factors that can influence bystander behavior.

Question 13

Behavior that is beneficial to others is called ______ behavior.

Accepted Answer

Prosocial behavior refers to actions intended to benefit others, including helping, sharing, donating, co-operating, and volunteering.

Question 14

The famous case of Kitty Genovese best represents which concept from social psychology?

Accepted Answer

The Kitty Genovese case is often cited as a classic example of the diffusion of responsibility, where individuals in a group are less likely to take action or feel a sense of responsibility in the presence of others.

Question 15

The failure of witnesses to help Kitty Genovese when she was viciously attacked may have been due to the tendency to believe that others would act and so they wouldn't need to. This explanation is based on the principle of _________.

Accepted Answer

The principle of diffusion of responsibility explains why individuals in a group may fail to help someone in distress, believing that someone else will take action. This phenomenon was highlighted in the case of Kitty Genovese, where witnesses did not intervene during her attack.

Question 16

Regarding influences on helping, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The presence of others often decreases the likelihood that someone will choose to help, a phenomenon known as the bystander effect, where individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present.

Question 17

Dana and Fox have a relationship in which they have intense sexual desires for each other. Their relationship can be described by which component of love in the triangular model?

Accepted Answer

The triangular model of love, proposed by psychologist Robert Sternberg, includes three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. The intense sexual desires between Dana and Fox are indicative of the passion component of their relationship.

Question 18

Barbara, an American, believes that all French people hate Americans, are rude, and love to drink wine. Barbara's beliefs are an example of

Accepted Answer

Barbara's beliefs are an example of out-group homogeneity, which is the tendency to view members of an out-group as more similar to each other than they really are, overlooking their individual differences.

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding prejudice is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes and prejudice can be either negative or positive, but they are not equally likely to be one or the other. Negative stereotypes and prejudices are more commonly observed and studied due to their harmful effects on social interactions and societal cohesion. Positive stereotypes, while existing, do not negate the overall negative impact of stereotyping and prejudice.

Question 20

Toula, who is Greek, has a negative bias toward members of other racial groups. What is Toula's bias called?

Accepted Answer

Toula's negative bias toward members of other racial groups is defined as racism, which involves prejudicial attitudes or discrimination based on race.

Quiz 12: Social Psychology