The principle of popular sovereignty held that

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The principle of popular sovereignty, particularly in the context of mid-19th century America, meant that the decision to permit or prohibit slavery in a new territory was to be made by the vote of the people who settled there, rather than by federal mandate. This was a key element in the debates leading up to the Civil War, especially as new territories were being organized and the question of whether they would enter the Union as free or slave states became increasingly contentious.

The Principle of Popular Sovereignty Held That