Question 1

Greece achieved its independence from the Austrian Empire in 1830.

Accepted Answer

Greece achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1830, not the Austrian Empire.

Question 2

Which of the following was not a result of the brief 1866 war between Austria and Prussia?
A) A Russian and Austrian defensive alliance defeated the French and British in the Balkans.
B) Austria was no longer a major participant in German affairs.
C) Bismarck organized the north German states in the North German Confederation.
D) The south German states signed military agreements with Prussia.
E) The development of unified German strength began to worry the French.

Accepted Answer

The brief 1866 war between Austria and Prussia did not result in a Russian and Austrian defensive alliance defeating the French and British in the Balkans. This statement is not related to the outcomes of the war. The other statements are all correct results of the war.

Question 3

Great Britain depended almost entirely upon foreign investment to support its Industrial Revolution at the beginning.

Accepted Answer

Great Britain primarily funded its Industrial Revolution through domestic capital from profits made in trade, agriculture, and existing industries, rather than relying almost entirely on foreign investment.

Question 4

All of the following are correct about Russia in the nineteenth and early twentieth century except
A) Alexander II, a reformer, was assassinated.
B) Alexander III and Nicholas II continued Alexander II's reforms.
C) Russia lost a war to Japan.
D) Russia was industrializing, particularly after 1890.
E) there was a continuing struggle between Westernizers and Slavophiles.

Accepted Answer

Alexander III and Nicholas II did not continue Alexander II's reforms but instead rolled back many of them, leading to increased social and political unrest in Russia.

Question 5

Which of the following could be considered the most striking contrast between the French and British political systems in the period between 1875 and 1914?
A) Britain refused to let women vote while France allowed them to.
B) The Third Republic had more political stability than Britain's constitutional monarchy.
C) The multi-party system under the Third Republic produced much less ministerial stability than was the case with the two-party system in Britain.
D) Public support for the government was much stronger among the French than among the British.
E) France was governed by the SDP while Britain remained a bourgeois stronghold.

Accepted Answer

The most striking contrast between the French and British political systems in this period was the difference in ministerial stability. While Britain had a two-party system that produced more stability, the multi-party system in France led to much less stability in the government. The other options are not as significant in terms of differences between the two systems.

Question 6

The emergence of Britain's Labour Party forced the Liberals to offer social welfare programs,a reverse of nineteenth-century liberal laissez-faire.

Accepted Answer

The emergence of the Labour Party in Britain in the early 20th century put pressure on the Liberal Party to adopt more socially-oriented policies, leading to a shift away from the earlier laissez-faire economic principles of classical liberalism.

Question 7

Continuous,self-sustaining economic growth came to be accepted as a fundamental part of the new economy begun by the Industrial Revolution.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The idea of continuous economic growth has been a central part of the capitalist economy that emerged out of the Industrial Revolution. It is based on the assumption that economic growth can be sustained indefinitely through increasing production, consumption, and technological innovation. This idea has been challenged in recent years by those who argue that it is not environmentally sustainable and can have negative social and economic consequences.

Question 8

Which of the following would be considered the founder of the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century diplomatic alliances?
A) Napoleon III
B) Alexander III
C) Count Cavour
D) Otto von Bismarck.
E) Victoria.

Accepted Answer

Otto von Bismarck is widely considered the founder of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century diplomatic alliances through his skillful diplomacy and creation of the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy) and the later Dual Alliance (Germany and Austria-Hungary).

Question 9

Because of the wealth created by the Industrial Revolution,the sanitary conditions in factory towns were safer and cleaner than in the older,pre-industrial cities.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. While the Industrial Revolution did bring about some improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the rapid industrialization and urbanization also led to overcrowding, poor living conditions, and inadequate sanitation in factory towns. Many workers lived in cramped and unsanitary conditions, which contributed to the spread of diseases like cholera and typhoid. It was not until later reforms and public health initiatives that significant improvements were made to hygiene and sanitation in industrial cities.

Question 10

The emancipation of the Russian serfs
A) required that the former serfs pay for their freedom in installments.
B) angered peasants because it only gave them six acres each, too little to support themselves.
C) led to Russian participation in the Crimean War in order to divert peasant complaints.
D) led to the 1867 Revolution.
E) was reversed by Czar Nicholas II.

Accepted Answer

The emancipation of the serfs in Russia in 1861 required that they repay the government for their freedom in installments over a period of several years. This made the process of obtaining freedom difficult for many peasants who could not afford the payments, and contributed to ongoing economic struggles for many former serfs.

Question 11

The Ausgleich of 1867 was all of the following except it
A) gave both "halves" of the Austrian empire their own legislatures.
B) created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
C) was the result, in part, of heavy pressure from Hungarian nationalists, who gained strength.
D) enabled the German Austrians and Hungarian Magyars to dominate the dual state.
E) unified Austria with the Bismarck's emerging German Empire.

Accepted Answer

The Ausgleich of 1867 did not unify Austria with Bismarck's emerging German Empire. In fact, it solidified the separation of Austria and Germany, as Austria-Hungary became a rival power to Germany.

Question 12

Revolution and chaos were avoided in Britain during the nineteenth century by all except the
A) creation of a secret and effective secret political police unit, the "Peelers."
B) economic prosperity it experienced during the period.
C) passage of the Reform Act of 1832.
D) national unity that was engendered by the reign of Queen Victoria.
E) the long-stable government institutions.

Accepted Answer

The creation of a secret and effective secret political police unit, the "Peelers," played a significant role in avoiding revolution and chaos in Britain during the nineteenth century. The police force was named after the Home Secretary, Sir Robert Peel, who founded it in 1829. The Peelers were credited with maintaining public order, preventing riots, and containing political unrest.

Question 13

Piedmont's prime minister,Count Cavour,stated that Italy would be unified,"Not by speeches and majorities...but by blood and iron."

Accepted Answer

Count Cavour did not make this statement; it was Otto von Bismarck, the Prussian statesman, who said that Germany would be unified "not by speeches and majorities...but by blood and iron."

Question 14

In the early twentieth century,a flashpoint for major violence was the
A) Rhineland.
B) German-French border.
C) Polish-Russian border.
D) Middle East.
E) Balkans.

Accepted Answer

The Balkans were a major flashpoint for violence in the early twentieth century, with tensions between various ethnic and national groups leading to the outbreak of World War I. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in 1914, which set off the chain of events leading to the war, took place in the Balkans.

Question 15

The Second Industrial Revolution opened the door to new jobs for women,particularly in service or white-collar jobs.

Accepted Answer

The Second Industrial Revolution led to the growth of the service sector and new opportunities for women in white-collar jobs such as clerical work, teaching, and nursing.

Question 16

Which of the following was not a result of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870?
A) Louis Napoleon made himself Emperor of the Third Republic.
B) German unification was achieved.
C) The French suffered a military and political humiliation.
D) The south German states came under Prussian domination.
E) The loss of territory created a desire for vengeance on the part of the French.

Accepted Answer

Louis Napoleon was already the Emperor of the French before the Franco-Prussian War began in 1870. In fact, his capture by the Prussians during the war contributed to the fall of the Second French Empire and the establishment of the Third Republic.

Question 17

Children were discouraged from working in cotton mills because their smaller size did not allow them to move among the machines and they were too difficult to train to do complex factory work.

Accepted Answer

Children were actually often preferred to work in cotton mills because they had small hands and could easily reach into the machines to fix or untangle them. However, they were still subjected to dangerous working conditions and long hours, and their employment was eventually restricted through child labor laws.

Question 18

The Second Empire in France
A) was a regime of economic hard times.
B) advanced progress made toward French socialism.
C) was brought down by the disastrous 1870 war with Prussia.
D) was replaced by the Third Empire after the Prussian defeat of 1870.
E) was established immediately after the Battle of Waterloo.

Accepted Answer

The Second Empire in France was brought down by the disastrous 1870 war with Prussia.

Question 19

The territory annexed by Austria in 1908,which enraged Serbia,was
A) Romania.
B) Montenegro and Wallachia.
C) Moldavia.
D) Bosnia and Herzegovina.
E) Hungary.

Accepted Answer

In 1908, Austria annexed the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which angered Serbia and intensified the growing tensions in the Balkans.

Question 20

By 1871,all of the following are correct about Great Britain except
A) it had a functioning two-party system for fifty years.
B) both political parties supported legislation to expand the right to vote.
C) the largest political party was the Labour Party.
D) both political parties were dominated by a ruling class of aristocratic landowners often involved in industrial and financial activities and upper-middle-class business people.
E) Queen Victoria was the long-reigning monarch.

Accepted Answer

The Labour Party was not formed until 1900, so it did not exist in 1871.

Quiz 19: The Beginnings of Modernization: Industrialization and Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century

Greece achieved its independence from the Austrian Empire in 1830.

Which of the following was not a result of the brief 1866 war between Austria and Prussia?

Great Britain depended almost entirely upon foreign investment to support its Industrial Revolution at the beginning.

All of the following are correct about Russia in the nineteenth and early twentieth century except

Which of the following could be considered the most striking contrast between the French and British political systems in the period between 1875 and 1914?

The emergence of Britain's Labour Party forced the Liberals to offer social welfare programs,a reverse of nineteenth-century liberal laissez-faire.

Continuous,self-sustaining economic growth came to be accepted as a fundamental part of the new economy begun by the Industrial Revolution.

Which of the following would be considered the founder of the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century diplomatic alliances?

Because of the wealth created by the Industrial Revolution,the sanitary conditions in factory towns were safer and cleaner than in the older,pre-industrial cities.

The emancipation of the Russian serfs

The Ausgleich of 1867 was all of the following except it

Revolution and chaos were avoided in Britain during the nineteenth century by all except the

Piedmont's prime minister,Count Cavour,stated that Italy would be unified,"Not by speeches and majorities...but by blood and iron."

In the early twentieth century,a flashpoint for major violence was the

The Second Industrial Revolution opened the door to new jobs for women,particularly in service or white-collar jobs.

Which of the following was not a result of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870?

Children were discouraged from working in cotton mills because their smaller size did not allow them to move among the machines and they were too difficult to train to do complex factory work.

The Second Empire in France

The territory annexed by Austria in 1908,which enraged Serbia,was

By 1871,all of the following are correct about Great Britain except