Question 1

The process by which the Latin language and Roman culture became dominant in the western provinces is called

Accepted Answer

Romanization refers to the process by which the Latin language and Roman culture became dominant in the western provinces of the Roman Empire. This included the adoption of Roman laws, customs, language, and infrastructure by the local populations.

Question 2

The emperor responsible for the reorganization of the Roman government after 31 BCE went by the honorific name of

Accepted Answer

Augustus, known originally as Octavian, was the emperor responsible for the reorganization of the Roman government after his victory at the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE. He established the Roman Empire and was its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BCE until his death in 14 CE.

Question 3

Which of the following was the most common cause of Roman expansion?

Accepted Answer

The primary motive for Roman expansion was the desire to create buffer zones around their territory to protect Rome from potential attacks by hostile neighbors. This strategy aimed to secure the borders and ensure the safety of the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.

Question 4

During the Republic, Romans managed their conquered territories by

Accepted Answer

The Romans managed their conquered territories by establishing a provincial administration and sending a Roman senator to oversee matters, ensuring direct control and integration into the Roman state.

Question 5

Which statement is true about Roman women?

Accepted Answer

Roman women were legally viewed as perpetual minors in the eyes of the law, meaning they were always under the authority of a male guardian, such as their father, husband, or a male relative. This limited their legal capacity and autonomy, despite having some rights and influence in domestic and social spheres.

Question 6

The conquest of the Celtic peoples of Gaul was accomplished by which famous Roman general?

Accepted Answer

Gaius Julius Caesar is renowned for his conquest of Gaul, which took place during the Gallic Wars from 58 BC to 50 BC. This significant military achievement expanded the Roman Republic's territories and greatly enhanced Caesar's power and reputation.

Question 7

The main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic was

Accepted Answer

Military leaders with armies loyal to them rather than to the state played a crucial role in the decline of the Roman Republic. These leaders, such as Julius Caesar, were able to leverage their personal armies to exert influence and control over the state, undermining the republican system and leading to the eventual transition to the Roman Empire.

Question 8

Between 264 and 202 BCE, Rome fought two bloody wars against

Accepted Answer

Between 264 and 202 BCE, Rome fought the First and Second Punic Wars against Carthage, not against Greece, Egypt, Persia, or Gaul. These wars were crucial in establishing Rome's dominance in the western Mediterranean.

Question 9

What was the Roman word for "broad estates," or ranches?

Accepted Answer

The Roman word for "broad estates" or ranches is "latifundia." These were large landholdings in ancient Rome, typically worked by slaves.

Question 10

The essential economic activity of the early Roman state was based on

Accepted Answer

The early Roman state primarily relied on agriculture for its economic activity, with the majority of the population engaged in farming to produce food for their families and to trade.

Question 11

A significant difference in Roman expansion versus Greek was that Romans

Accepted Answer

Romans were unique in their approach to expansion in that they often extended citizenship in varying degrees to the populations they conquered. This policy helped to integrate conquered peoples into the Roman state, fostering loyalty and stability within the empire.

Question 12

Who granted citizenship to all free adult male inhabitants of the Roman empire?

Accepted Answer

Caracalla granted citizenship to all free adult male inhabitants of the Roman empire in 212 AD through the Constitutio Antoniniana, also known as the Edict of Caracalla. This was a significant move to increase tax revenue and integrate diverse peoples within the empire.

Question 13

The covenant of protection between the gods and the Romans was called

Accepted Answer

Pax Deorum, which translates to "peace of the gods," was the term used to describe the covenant of protection between the gods and the Romans. It was based on the idea that as long as Romans worshipped the gods and conducted the proper rituals, the gods would protect Rome and its people.

Question 14

Early Romans believed in invisible forces that were collectively known as

Accepted Answer

Early Romans believed in numina, which were the invisible forces or spirits thought to inhabit natural objects and spaces, influencing the world and people's daily lives.

Question 15

Which body, though technically only an advisory council, was the real center of power in the Roman Republic?

Accepted Answer

The Senate, despite its advisory role, was the true center of power in the Roman Republic, influencing legislation, foreign policy, and financial matters.

Question 16

Which factor most contributed to the development of "pax romana"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which factor most contributed to the development...

Question 17

During the Principate, Octavian allied himself with the

Accepted Answer

Octavian, also known as Augustus, allied himself with the equites, a class of wealthy and influential Roman citizens, to consolidate his power and stabilize his rule during the Principate.

Question 18

What factor caused a decrease in small farms in the Late Roman Republic?

Accepted Answer

The growth of large estates, known as latifundia, which focused on nonstaple crops like olives and grapes, led to the decline of small farms. Wealthy landowners bought up or took over small farms, consolidating land and shifting agricultural focus, which marginalized small farmers.

Question 19

The first Romans to reach China's court of Emperor Huan claimed to be envoys of which emperor?

Accepted Answer

The first Romans known to have reached China's court of Emperor Huan were envoys claiming to represent Marcus Aurelius (reigned AD 161–180). This event is documented in Chinese historical sources, which refer to the Roman Empire as "Da Qin."

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the Roman "Republic"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best describes the...

Quiz 6: An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China