Question 1

Margaret Chen is a 73-year-old widow and mother of 3 adult children. She visits her physician due to decreased appetite, lethargy, weight loss, and a productive cough for the past 2 weeks. Her past medical history includes osteoporosis, sinusitis, respiratory infections, and smoking. Margaret is diagnosed with COPD. What is the primary cause?

Accepted Answer

Margaret's smoking history is the primary cause of her COPD. Smoking is a major risk factor for this disease.

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: excessive carbon dioxide in the blood

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypercapnia and wasting and respiratory stress and is...

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: low level of oxygen in the blood

Accepted Answer

The Answer of counterregulatory hormones and metabolic stress and inflammatory is...

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: medical emergency that causes dyspnea and pulmonary edema; usually requires assisted (mechanical)ventilation

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypercapnia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and is...

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: hormones that have metabolic actions that oppose those of insulin

Accepted Answer

The Answer of wasting and acute-phase response and mast cells is...

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: a whole-body response to illness or trauma; characterized by raised heart and respiratory rates, abnormal white blood cell counts, and abnormal body temperature

Accepted Answer

The Answer of counterregulatory hormones and hypoxemia and acute respiratory is...

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: the breakdown of lean tissue that results from disease or malnutrition

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypoxemia and mast cells and inflammatory response is...

Question 8

Margaret Chen is a 73-year-old widow and mother of 3 adult children. She visits her physician due to decreased appetite, lethargy, weight loss, and a productive cough for the past 2 weeks. Her past medical history includes osteoporosis, sinusitis, respiratory infections, and smoking. Many of the medications used to treat COPD can cause gastrointestinal effects such as ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Margaret Chen is a 73-year-old widow and...

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: group of lung diseases characterized by persistent obstructed airflow through the lungs and airways

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypoxia and counterregulatory hormones and wasting and is...

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: low amount of oxygen in body tissues

Accepted Answer

The Answer of counterregulatory hormones and acute respiratory distress syndrome is...

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: changes in body chemistry resulting from infection, inflammation, or injury; characterized by alterations in plasma proteins

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypercapnia and mast cells and respiratory stress is...

Question 12

Margaret Chen is a 73-year-old widow and mother of 3 adult children. She visits her physician due to decreased appetite, lethargy, weight loss, and a productive cough for the past 2 weeks. Her past medical history includes osteoporosis, sinusitis, respiratory infections, and smoking. The physician makes several recommendations for Margaret. What would be among these recommendations?

Accepted Answer

Given Margaret's symptoms of decreased appetite, lethargy, and weight loss, along with her age and medical history, it is likely that she is experiencing malnutrition. Therefore, the physician's recommendation of high-energy supplements would aim to correct this deficiency. The other options, such as a low-protein diet, extremely limited exercise, and reduced fiber intake, are not appropriate recommendations in this case.

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: inadequate gas exchange between the air and blood, resulting in lower oxygen and higher carbon dioxide levels

Accepted Answer

The Answer of metabolic stress and inflammatory response and acute-phase is...

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: a disruption in the body's chemical environment due to the effects of disease or injury; characterized by changes in metabolic rate, heart rate and blood pressure, hormonal status, and nutrient metabolism

Accepted Answer

The Answer of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and shock is...

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: cells within connective tissue that produce and release histamine

Accepted Answer

The Answer of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory is...

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: a severe reduction in blood flow that deprives the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients

Accepted Answer

The Answer of wasting and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is...

Question 17

Margaret Chen is a 73-year-old widow and mother of 3 adult children. She visits her physician due to decreased appetite, lethargy, weight loss, and a productive cough for the past 2 weeks. Her past medical history includes osteoporosis, sinusitis, respiratory infections, and smoking. What is an example of a corticosteroid that may be prescribed for Margaret?

Accepted Answer

Fluticasone is a corticosteroid that can be prescribed for Margaret to help reduce inflammation and improve her respiratory symptoms. Albuterol, ipratropium, and salmeterol are bronchodilators that can also help with respiratory symptoms, but they do not have the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids.

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: nonspecific responses of the immune system to infection or injury

Accepted Answer

The Answer of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple is...

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: failure of more than one organ system that occurs during intensive care; often results in death

Accepted Answer

The Answer of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple is...

Question 20

Margaret Chen is a 73-year-old widow and mother of 3 adult children. She visits her physician due to decreased appetite, lethargy, weight loss, and a productive cough for the past 2 weeks. Her past medical history includes osteoporosis, sinusitis, respiratory infections, and smoking. Margaret is prescribed ____ to improve airflow.

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators are prescribed to improve airflow by relaxing the muscles of the airways, which can help alleviate symptoms like a productive cough and improve breathing, especially in patients with a history of smoking and respiratory issues.

Quiz 22: Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

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