Question 1

Strategic implications of drones are especially important
A) for deterrence possibilities.
B) in counterinsurgency operations.
C) for profit maximization in various military industries.
D) in coercive diplomacy applications.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

According to the "Defense/Deterrence Continuum," which of the following falls under the pure defensive use category?
A) Most insurgent strategies
B) Ground troops and tanks
C) Walls, fortifications
D) Strategic nuclear weaponry

Accepted Answer

Walls and fortifications fall under the pure defensive use category because they are physical structures designed to protect against an attack without initiating any aggressive action themselves. The other options either involve offensive capabilities (ground troops and tanks) or have dual defensive/offensive capabilities (strategic nuclear weaponry, which can be used to deter an attack or used in a first strike scenario).

Question 3

Which concept fits this statement: "Safety from the threat of physical destruction"?
A) Balance of power
B) Deterrence
C) Traditional security
D) Hegemonic stability

Accepted Answer

The concept of traditional security refers to the protection of a state's sovereignty and territorial integrity from physical threats such as external aggression, military force, and terrorist attacks. This includes ensuring the safety of its citizens from physical harm and destruction.

Question 4

In order for a threat to be convincing and provide benefits, it must be
A) mutual.
B) ignored.
C) theoretical.
D) credible.

Accepted Answer

A credible threat is one that is believable and carries consequences that the other party recognizes as possible. Such a threat can be convincing and provide benefits to the party making the threat. Mutual threats are not always necessary, and theoretical threats do not carry the same weight as credible ones. Ignoring a threat does not make it any more convincing or beneficial.

Question 5

The policy that convinces an opponent that the costs of attacking would be higher than the perceived benefits is known as
A) defense.
B) retaliation.
C) bluffing.
D) deterrence.

Accepted Answer

The policy that convinces an opponent that the costs of attacking would be higher than the perceived benefits is known as deterrence. This involves various strategies such as maintaining a strong military, possessing advanced weaponry, and demonstrating a willingness to retaliate if attacked. The idea is to create a credible threat that would dissuade potential aggressors from taking action.

Question 6

The U.S. military
A) spends a small fraction of money on the military compared to any other country.
B) struggles to have advanced weaponry.
C) cannot sustain a military deployment for an extended time.
D) is the only country that can deploy its military around the world for sustained periods.

Accepted Answer

The statement "is the only country that can deploy its military around the world for sustained periods" is true, as the United States has a network of bases and alliances that allow for extended military presence in various regions of the world. While the U.S. military budget is high, it is not the highest in the world when adjusted for factors like population and GDP. The U.S. military also has advanced weaponry and technology, and has been able to sustain military deployments in various conflicts over the past few decades.

Question 7

Which concept best reflects this statement: "The more powerful a state becomes, the more other states will perceive it as a threat, and begin to treat it accordingly?"
A) Coercive diplomacy
B) Security dilemma
C) Deterrence
D) Traditional security

Accepted Answer

The statement describes the security dilemma, which is the idea that actions taken by one state to increase its own security can be interpreted as a threat by other states, leading to a vicious cycle of arms racing and insecurity. Coercive diplomacy refers to the use of threats or force to achieve diplomatic goals, deterrence refers to using the threat of punishment to prevent an attack, and traditional security refers to the use of military power to protect a state's borders and interests. While all of these concepts are related to security, the statement specifically describes the security dilemma.

Question 8

The most striking difference in the contemporary global military environment compared to previous periods is the
A) extreme disparity in conventional weaponry between the United States and other states.
B) significant reduction in conventional weapons in the world.
C) declining probability of war breaking out between rival countries.
D) development of military alliances among countries.

Accepted Answer

The extreme disparity in conventional weaponry between the United States and other states is a notable feature of the contemporary global military environment, as the U.S. maintains a significant technological and quantitative edge in military capabilities.

Question 9

Every threat
A) is credible.
B) is an offer to negotiate.
C) will lead to the use of force.
D) comes from a state with a greater expected utility than the state being threatened.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Every threat
A) is credible.
B) is an offer...

Question 10

According to the text, the phrase, "war is the continuation of policy by other means," implies that war
A) must have purpose.
B) is necessary.
C) is not much different from diplomacy.
D) cannot be avoided.

Accepted Answer

The phrase "war is the continuation of policy by other means" implies that war serves a purpose, and therefore must be a continuation of some sort of policy. This suggests that there is some sort of strategy or goal behind a decision to go to war, rather than it being a random act of aggression.

Question 11

The definition of force contains two important components. Which ones are they?
A) Power and violence
B) Threats and power
C) Weapons and money
D) Violence and threat of violence

Accepted Answer

The two important components of force are violence and the threat of violence. Force is often described as the use or threat of physical coercion or violence to achieve a certain outcome or goal. Therefore, option D, which includes both violence and the threat of violence, is the correct choice. Options A, B, and C are not relevant to the definition of force.

Question 12

Drones have become popular weapons for the United States for all of the following reasons except
A) their ability to hover in outer space allows for limited detection by most opposing forces.
B) they are fairly inexpensive to build.
C) the absence of a pilot eliminates the risk to military personnel.
D) they have less political costs for countries that are sensitive to military casualties.

Accepted Answer

Drones cannot hover in outer space as they are limited to flying within the Earth's atmosphere. They are typically used for surveillance and targeted strikes due to their cost-effectiveness and lack of risk to military personnel. They also have less political costs for countries that are sensitive to military casualties, as the use of drones allows for precise targeting and reduces the risk of civilian casualties.

Question 13

The United States leads most other countries in every category of weaponry except
A) nuclear weapons.
B) military technology.
C) number of soldiers.
D) military budget.

Accepted Answer

The United States does not have the largest number of soldiers compared to countries like China and India, which have larger active military personnel.

Question 14

In order to demonstrate credibility in making a threat against another country, a country must have two characteristics. They are
A) willingness and capability to carry out the threat.
B) strong rhetoric and political will.
C) military power and purpose.
D) hope and optimism.

Accepted Answer

In order to demonstrate credibility in making a threat against another country, a country must have both the willingness and capability to carry out the threat. Without both of these characteristics, the threat is unlikely to be taken seriously by the other country and may even be seen as empty rhetoric. Military power and purpose may contribute to the capability aspect of this, but ultimately without the willingness to follow through on the threat, it will not be credible. Hope and optimism also have no bearing on the issue of making a threat against another country, so options B and D can be eliminated.

Question 15

The famous Prussian strategist who asserted that "…war is the continuation of policy by other means" was
A) Herman Goehring
B) Otto von Bismarck
C) Carl von Clausewitz
D) Rolf Dahrendorf

Accepted Answer

This quote is often attributed to Carl von Clausewitz, a Prussian general and military theorist, in his book "On War."

Question 16

Who wrote Art of War?
A) Sun Tzu
B) Carl von Clausewitz
C) Thucydides
D) Plato

Accepted Answer

Art of War was written by Sun Tzu, a Chinese military strategist, philosopher and writer.

Question 17

How is credibility defined?
A) Credibility is defined by perception.
B) Credibility can be defined as the extent to which an actor making a threat has both the will and the capability to carry out the threat if concessions are not forthcoming.
C) Credibility can be defined by the military size and power of the state making the threat.
D) Credibility can be understood by examining the past behavior of the state making the threat.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is credibility defined?
A) Credibility is defined...

Question 18

All of the following are examples of traditional means of providing defense and repelling attack except
A) the Great Wall of China.
B) the Kremlin in Moscow.
C) the London Tower.
D) castles in medieval Europe.

Accepted Answer

The London Tower, while historically significant, was primarily used as a royal palace and fortress, and later as a prison, rather than a traditional means of defense or repelling attacks like the other examples.

Question 19

Low tech weapons and acts of terrorism have shifted the security focus back to
A) deterrence.
B) defense.
C) a mixture of deterrence and defense.
D) coercive diplomacy.

Accepted Answer

The use of low tech weapons and acts of terrorism means that traditional forms of deterrence, such as nuclear weapons, are no longer effective in preventing attacks. Instead, the focus has shifted to defense against these types of threats. However, it is still important to maintain a mixture of deterrence and defense strategies for overall security. Coercive diplomacy may be used in certain situations, but it is not the primary focus for addressing these types of threats.

Question 20

When an explicit or implicit threat is used to persuade another actor to make a concession, it is referred to as
A) diplomacy.
B) coercion.
C) negotiation.
D) force.

Accepted Answer

Coercion involves the use of threats or force to make another actor comply with one's demands or wishes. Diplomacy refers to the art of negotiating and managing international relations. Negotiation is a process of discussion and compromise between two or more parties. Force involves the use of physical or military power to achieve one's objectives.

Quiz 9: The Use of Force

Strategic implications of drones are especially important

According to the "Defense/Deterrence Continuum," which of the following falls under the pure defensive use category?

Which concept fits this statement: "Safety from the threat of physical destruction"?

In order for a threat to be convincing and provide benefits, it must be

The policy that convinces an opponent that the costs of attacking would be higher than the perceived benefits is known as

The U.S. military

Which concept best reflects this statement: "The more powerful a state becomes, the more other states will perceive it as a threat, and begin to treat it accordingly?"

The most striking difference in the contemporary global military environment compared to previous periods is the

Every threat

According to the text, the phrase, "war is the continuation of policy by other means," implies that war

The definition of force contains two important components. Which ones are they?

Drones have become popular weapons for the United States for all of the following reasons except

The United States leads most other countries in every category of weaponry except

In order to demonstrate credibility in making a threat against another country, a country must have two characteristics. They are

The famous Prussian strategist who asserted that "…war is the continuation of policy by other means" was

Who wrote Art of War?

How is credibility defined?

All of the following are examples of traditional means of providing defense and repelling attack except

Low tech weapons and acts of terrorism have shifted the security focus back to

When an explicit or implicit threat is used to persuade another actor to make a concession, it is referred to as