Question 1

Once an individual has left the immediate vicinity of the search warrant, the police must have independent reasons under the Fourth Amendment to seize and detain that person was decided in the case of _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Once an individual has left the immediate...

Question 2

"Dumpster diving" or "trash pulls" are methods for obtaining incriminating evidence that often provide legal grounds to obtain a search warrant of a home.

Accepted Answer

Dumpster diving and trash pulls involve retrieving items from someone's garbage or recycling, which are considered to be discarded and therefore fair game for others to take. If incriminating evidence is found through these methods, it can be used to provide probable cause for obtaining a search warrant of the individual's home or property.

Question 3

A concept that holds that a search can be incident to an arrest only if it occurs at the same time as the arrest and is confined to the immediate vicinity of the arrest is known as _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A concept that holds that a search...

Question 4

School officials may search students in public schools for contraband without a warrant as long as the search is reasonable and does not violate the Fourth Amendment.

Accepted Answer

This has been established by several Supreme Court cases, including New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985) and Board of Education v. Earls (2002). However, the search must be based on reasonable suspicion and cannot be excessively intrusive.

Question 5

The Wiretap Act of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 prohibits the interception of phone conversations unless one party to the conversation consents or when authorized by the competent jurisdiction.

Accepted Answer

The Wiretap Act indeed prohibits the interception of phone conversations without the consent of at least one party or without authorization from a competent jurisdiction.

Question 6

Courts typically justify the consent exception by two separate tests: first, the _______________ which mandates the consent was obtained without coercion or promises and was, therefore, reasonable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Courts typically justify the consent exception by...

Question 7

_____________________ is  defined as anything that is illegal for people to own or have in their possession, for example, child pornography, illegal drugs, or illegal weapons

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____________________ is  defined as anything that is...

Question 8

Defining a _________________________ uses a two-pronged test of a situation in which
(1) a person has exhibited an actual (subjective) expectation of privacy and
(2) that expectation is one that society is prepared to recognize as reasonable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Defining a _________________________ uses a two-pronged test...

Question 9

The Court has ruled that searches of visitors, correctional officers, and other corrections personnel are illegal without a warrant or probable cause of crime commission.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has upheld the legality of searches on visitors, correctional officers, and other corrections personnel entering correctional facilities without a warrant or probable cause, under the rationale that these searches are necessary for maintaining security and order within the facility.

Question 10

The issue of when an officer may proceed with a vehicle search incident to arrest of a recent occupant was addressed in _______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The issue of when an officer may...

Question 11

_________________ refers to the unreasonableness and unlawfulness of searches of seized luggage or other personal belongings not immediately associated with the arrestee's body or under his or her immediate control.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________________ refers to the unreasonableness and unlawfulness...

Question 12

The case of __________________ established that a search with a warrant includes limited authority to detain the occupants of the premises during the search.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The case of __________________ established that a...

Question 13

The Supreme Court ruled in 1993 that police do not need a warrant to seize narcotics detected while frisking a suspect for concealed weapons, as long as the narcotics are instantly recognizable by _______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Supreme Court ruled in 1993 that...

Question 14

The case of _____________________ established that vehicles can be searched without a warrant, provided
(1) there is probable cause to believe the vehicle's contents violate the law, and
(2) the vehicle would be gone before a search warrant could be obtained.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The case of _____________________ established that vehicles...

Question 15

A type of shadow in astronomy with the principle extending to the idea that certain constitutional rights are implied within other constitutional rights is known as a _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A type of shadow in astronomy with...

Question 16

__________________must meet three criteria:
(1) the officer is lawfully present at the place from which the evidence can be plainly viewed;
(2) the officer has a lawful right of access to the object; and
(3) the object's incriminating character is immediately apparent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________________must meet three criteria:
(1) the officer is...

Question 17

A ___________________ is a  limited search made in conjunction with an in-home arrest when the searching officer possesses a reasonable belief based on specific and articulable facts that the area to be swept harbors an individual posing a danger to those on the arrest scene

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ___________________ is a  limited search made...

Question 18

The issue of whether employers can inspect employee computer use rests on whether the company has a policy in place addressing this issue.

Accepted Answer

The legality of employer inspection of employee computer use depends on company policy. If there is a policy in place that permits such inspections, then it is legal for the employer to do so. If there is no policy in place, the legality of such inspections may be in question.

Question 19

An exemption of a public official from civil liability for actions performed during the course of his or her job unless they violated a "clearly established" constitutional or statutory right of which a reasonable person would have known is referred to as __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An exemption of a public official from...

Question 20

The Court defined _________________ the area within a person's reach or immediate control.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Court defined _________________ the area within...

Quiz 9: Conducting Constitutional Searches