Question 1

Hitler's anti-Semitic policies in the 1930s

Accepted Answer

Kristallnacht, also called the Night of Broken Glass, was a violent pogrom against Jews throughout Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938. It resulted in the destruction of Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues and marked a turning point in Hitler's anti-Semitic policies, leading the way to the Holocaust. The other options are incorrect: A) is partially correct, but the Nuremberg laws also included restrictions on Jewish citizenship and marriage. B) is incorrect; the Popular Front was a left-wing political alliance in France that opposed fascism. C) is incorrect; Jews in Germany faced widespread discrimination and exclusion from many professions. D) is incorrect; Hitler's anti-Semitic policies were already in place and enforced in the 1930s.

Question 2

The Dada movement in art was known for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

The Dada movement was known for rejecting traditional forms of art and expressing contempt for Western culture. It celebrated chaos and the absurd through experimental forms of art such as surrealism, collages, and performances. The movement did not seek to put a clear sense of purpose and ambition back into art and life, but rather sought to challenge and subvert conventional norms. It was particularly popular in Berlin during the Weimar years.

Question 3

The most famous of the Surrealistic painters was

Accepted Answer

Salvador Dali is considered to be one of the most famous and well-known Surrealist painters. His works often featured bizarre and dreamlike imagery, and he was known for his highly detailed and technically skilled painting style. While other artists such as Picasso and Pollack were associated with the Surrealist movement, they are not typically considered to be Surrealist painters in the same way as Dali.

Question 4

Nazi ideas about appropriate work for women encouraged them to pursue occupations in

Accepted Answer

Nazi ideas about appropriate work for women emphasized their roles as wives and mothers, and encouraged them to pursue "caring professions" such as social work. Women were discouraged from pursuing careers in heavy industry, medicine, university teaching, and law.

Question 5

The collectivization of agriculture under Stalin was characterized by

Accepted Answer

The collectivization of agriculture under Stalin was characterized by widespread famine. The forced collectivization led to the confiscation of private land and livestock, which resulted in massive resistance from peasants. The peasants who refused to collectivize were labeled "kulaks" and were either deported or executed. The disruption of agricultural production, combined with poor weather conditions, led to a devastating famine that killed millions of people in the early 1930s.

Question 6

"Strength through Joy"

Accepted Answer

"Strength through Joy" (Kraft durch Freude) was a leisure time organization in Nazi Germany that aimed to monitor and homogenize the leisure time of German workers. It provided affordable or free activities such as sports, concerts, and holiday trips to increase the loyalty of the working class towards the Nazi regime.

Question 7

Lenin's New Economic Policy was designed to

Accepted Answer

Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) was introduced to revive the economy by allowing some private enterprise and was particularly aimed at increasing the production of food and consumer goods.

Question 8

Artistic and intellectual trends in the interwar years reflected

Accepted Answer

The horrors of World War I led to a general disillusionment with Western Civilization, resulting in artistic and intellectual trends that reflected this sentiment.

Question 9

In 1936 Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union signed a Nonintervention Agreement that declared they would not get involved in the civil war that had erupted in

Accepted Answer

The civil war that erupted in 1936 was in Spain, and the Nonintervention Agreement was signed by Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union to declare that they would not get involved in the conflict.

Question 10

Joseph Stalin's emergence as leader of the Communist party was aided by

Accepted Answer

Joseph Stalin's position as general secretary of the Bolshevik party gave him the power to appoint people to key positions, which helped him consolidate his power and emerge as the leader of the party.

Question 11

Hitler brought Germany out of the Great Depression

Accepted Answer

Hitler brought Germany out of the Great Depression through rearmament and public works. He heavily invested in infrastructure projects, such as the construction of the autobahn, and also increased military spending. This led to job creation and economic growth. However, it should be noted that this recovery was short-lived and was ultimately unsustainable due to the costs of World War II.

Question 12

Mein Kampf

Accepted Answer

Mein Kampf was autobiographical, setting forth Hitler's ideology of Aryan supremacy and anti-Semitism. It was not about a rebellion, did not exclude anti-Semitism, was not immediately seen as the work of a madman, and while it did become a best-seller, it was primarily in Germany and not in the Soviet Union.

Question 13

Among the social policies of the Stalinist era in the Soviet Union was all of the following except

Accepted Answer

During the Stalinist era in the Soviet Union, the government implemented social policies that aimed to control and regulate various aspects of society. These policies included the outlawing of abortion, the imposition of heavy fines on fathers who did not support their children, and the declaration of homosexuality as a criminal activity. However, there was not a marked decline in higher education during this time period. In fact, the government placed a strong emphasis on educating the population, particularly in technical and scientific fields, in order to further industrialize the country.

Question 14

The dominant form of government in Eastern Europe in the 1920s and 1930s was

Accepted Answer

The 1920s and 1930s saw the rise of authoritarian governments in Eastern Europe, such as those of Poland, Hungary, and Romania. These regimes were characterized by strong leaders who held dictatorial powers, often with limited or no opposition or checks on their authority. Parliamentary democracy was present in some countries, but it was often frail and unstable, while Russian Soviet-style Communism was largely limited to the Soviet Union itself. Christian Socialism was not a dominant form of government in Eastern Europe during this period, and republicanism was also not a widespread political system.

Question 15

The city in which Hitler spent his formative years and developed his fundamental ideas was

Accepted Answer

Hitler spent his formative years in Vienna, Austria, where he lived from 1908 to 1913. It was during this time that he developed his fundamental beliefs and political ideologies.

Question 16

The Nazis proved to be effective in the realm of politics by

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Nazis proved to be effective in...

Question 17

The most famous and spectacular of the Nazi mass demonstrations were held in the city of

Accepted Answer

The most famous and spectacular of the Nazi mass demonstrations were held in the city of Nuremberg. The annual Nuremberg Rallies (Nürnberger Reichsparteitage) were held from 1923 to 1938 and were large-scale propaganda events designed to demonstrate the power and unity of the Nazi Party. They included military parades, speeches by Nazi leaders, and mass gatherings of party members and supporters. The rallies were often filmed and used in Nazi propaganda films to promote the image of Nazi Germany as a strong and unified state.

Question 18

The Stalinist era in the 1930s witnessed

Accepted Answer

The Stalinist era in the 1930s was characterized by the Great Purge where millions of ordinary citizens were arrested and sent to forced labor camps. This period was marked by a repressive regime that was focused on maintaining control and eliminating any perceived enemies of the state. The other options (A, B, D, and E) are not accurate descriptions of the Stalinist era in the 1930s.

Question 19

The film Triumph of the Will , which serves as an example of the propaganda potential of film, is a product of

Accepted Answer

The film Triumph of the Will is a propaganda film that glorifies Nazi Germany under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, making it a product of Hitler's Germany.

Question 20

The only eastern European nation to maintain political democracy throughout the 1930s was

Accepted Answer

Czechoslovakia was the only Eastern European country to maintain a political democracy throughout the 1930s, while other nations in the region succumbed to authoritarian or totalitarian regimes.

Quiz 26: The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939