Question 1

If a neuron becomes extremely tangled, ​

Accepted Answer

If a neuron becomes extremely tangled, information can no longer flow through the neuron. This can lead to a disruption in neural functioning and potentially cause neurological disorders.

Question 2

The defining characteristic of a cerebral vascular accident is ​

Accepted Answer

A cerebral vascular accident, also known as a stroke, is caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain. This interruption can be caused by a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel. Death may occur as a result of a stroke, but it is not the defining characteristic. Neuritic tangling is not a symptom of a stroke. The cessation of respiratory output is a symptom of a cardiac arrest, not a stroke.

Question 3

Visual adaptation involves the ability to adjust to changes in ​

Accepted Answer

Visual adaptation refers to the changes made to our eyes and brain as we adjust to a change in the illumination of the environment. Our eyes and brain adjust to changes in light and color intensity. Adaptation to other factors such as position, distance or acceleration is different and involve different mechanisms.

Question 4

When viewed through a microscope, a ____ would most resemble a spiral-shaped mass. ​

Accepted Answer

Neurofibrillary tangles are twisted fibers of protein in the brain that can be seen under a microscope. They are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. They have a spiral-like shape. Telomeres are at the end of chromosomes and have a different structure. Free radicals and neurotransmitters are not typically associated with a spiral shape when viewed under a microscope.

Question 5

If your goal was to get the best image of a brain structure, you should use a ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of If your goal was to get the...

Question 6

Carmen has a very difficult time breathing. Even after walking short distances, she is gasping for air. Carmen is exhibiting symptoms of ​

Accepted Answer

Carmen's difficulty in breathing after walking short distances suggests a chronic respiratory condition such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can cause airflow obstruction, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms. Parkinson's disease (A) is a neurological disorder that affects movement, while circadian rhythms (B) refer to the natural fluctuations in our biological processes over a 24-hour period. Presbycusis (C) is a type of hearing loss that occurs with aging.

Question 7

As a typical 80-year-old, Joan's ____ would have decreased significantly since she was 20. ​

Accepted Answer

As people age, their lung capacity and ability to take deep breaths typically decrease due to changes in lung tissue and muscle strength.

Question 8

The key factor in determining the impact of vascular dementia is ​

Accepted Answer

The key factor in determining the impact of vascular dementia is which areas of the brain are damaged. Vascular dementia is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain due to damage to blood vessels. The severity and location of the damage can greatly impact the symptoms and progression of the dementia. Age, heart health, and sex can all be contributing factors, but the location of the brain damage is the primary determinant of the impact of vascular dementia.

Question 9

What is not used as a diagnostic test for vascular dementia? ​

Accepted Answer

Measurement of neurotransmitter levels is not used as a diagnostic test for vascular dementia. Computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and neuropsychological tests are commonly used diagnostic tests for vascular dementia.

Question 10

Which condition does not belong with the rest? ​

Accepted Answer

The other conditions listed are all respiratory disorders, while dysphoria is a psychological state characterized by anxiety, dissatisfaction, and restlessness.

Question 11

What is a more common term used to describe a cerebral vascular accident? ​

Accepted Answer

Cerebral vascular accident is commonly known as a stroke. Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement. Presbyopia is an age-related condition in which the ability to focus on near objects decreases. Presbycusis is an age-related hearing loss.

Question 12

Fifty-year-old Keith is informed by his doctor that his brain is showing signs of the initial development of neuritic plaques and a few neurofibrillary tangles. This is ​

Accepted Answer

Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are common findings in the aging brain and do not definitively indicate Alzheimer's disease unless accompanied by clinical symptoms. These changes can be considered part of the normal aging process in many individuals.

Question 13

After a series of strokes, Jerry is unable to recognize family members and has a very difficult time understanding his native language. The most probable diagnosis is ​

Accepted Answer

Jerry's symptoms are consistent with vascular dementia, which is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain due to a series of small strokes. This can lead to difficulty with language comprehension and recognition of family members. Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that affects movement and cognition, but it typically does not cause the specific symptoms described. Neuritic plaques are associated with Alzheimer's disease, which can cause cognitive decline but typically does not have such a sudden onset. Presbycusis is age-related hearing loss and would not cause the symptoms described.

Question 14

While looking at slides of brain tissue in a physiology class, you see groups of damaged neurons that have collected around a core of protein. What are you looking at? ​

Accepted Answer

The description matches that of neuritic plaques, which are protein deposits that form around damaged neurons in the brain and are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Neurotransmitters refer to chemicals that transmit signals between neurons, neurofibrillary tangles are twisted protein fibers within neurons, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are a class of psychiatric medication.

Question 15

While doing an autopsy of a brain, Dr. Howard shakes her head in disgust, saying, "This is just awful." When an assistant asks her what she sees, she says, "Two words ... deformed axons." What was the source of Dr. Howard's disgust? ​

Accepted Answer

The presence of deformed axons typically indicates the presence of neurofibrillary tangles, which are a hallmark feature of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the source of Dr. Howard's disgust is likely the severe neuropathology found in the brain, indicating advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease.

Question 16

Juliana has just suffered an interruption of blood flow to her brain. Her doctor has told her that she has just experienced a(n)____ and that they should now do what they can to prevent the onset of a stroke. ​

Accepted Answer

A transient ischemic attack, or TIA, is a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain, which can cause temporary symptoms that mimic a stroke. In the case of Juliana, her doctor is warning her that she has just had a TIA and that they need to take steps to prevent a full-blown stroke from occurring. Presbycusis is a form of age-related hearing loss, amyloid is a type of protein that can build up in the brain and potentially cause Alzheimer's disease, and circadian rhythm refers to our body's internal clock that regulates sleep and waking cycles.

Question 17

What does not typically happen to the cardiovascular system as we age? ​

Accepted Answer

Typically, the heart does not begin to pump more blood per minute as we age. In fact, age-related changes to the cardiovascular system usually result in the heart becoming less efficient and pumping less blood per minute.

Question 18

A cerebral hemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ​

Accepted Answer

A cerebral hemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, causing bleeding in the brain tissue.

Question 19

Concerning brain imaging, MRI is to fMRI as ​

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is used to produce detailed images of the brain's structure, while fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is used to measure brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow to different areas of the brain, providing information about brain function. Therefore, MRI is to structure as fMRI is to function.

Question 20

When you see a book titled How Neurons Communicate with Each Other , you could be sure it would discuss

Accepted Answer

The title specifically mentions "neurons communicate with each other" which is a process that occurs through the branching structures known as dendrites. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate choice. B, C, and D are unlikely to be discussed in a book focused on neuron communication.

Quiz 14: The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues

If a neuron becomes extremely tangled,

The defining characteristic of a cerebral vascular accident is

Visual adaptation involves the ability to adjust to changes in

When viewed through a microscope, a ____ would most resemble a spiral-shaped mass.

If your goal was to get the best image of a brain structure, you should use a

Carmen has a very difficult time breathing. Even after walking short distances, she is gasping for air. Carmen is exhibiting symptoms of

As a typical 80-year-old, Joan's ____ would have decreased significantly since she was 20.

The key factor in determining the impact of vascular dementia is

What is not used as a diagnostic test for vascular dementia?

Which condition does not belong with the rest?

What is a more common term used to describe a cerebral vascular accident?

Fifty-year-old Keith is informed by his doctor that his brain is showing signs of the initial development of neuritic plaques and a few neurofibrillary tangles. This is

After a series of strokes, Jerry is unable to recognize family members and has a very difficult time understanding his native language. The most probable diagnosis is

While looking at slides of brain tissue in a physiology class, you see groups of damaged neurons that have collected around a core of protein. What are you looking at?

While doing an autopsy of a brain, Dr. Howard shakes her head in disgust, saying, "This is just awful." When an assistant asks her what she sees, she says, "Two words ... deformed axons." What was the source of Dr. Howard's disgust?

Juliana has just suffered an interruption of blood flow to her brain. Her doctor has told her that she has just experienced a(n) ____ and that they should now do what they can to prevent the onset of a stroke.

What does not typically happen to the cardiovascular system as we age?

A cerebral hemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel in the brain

Concerning brain imaging, MRI is to fMRI as

When you see a book titled How Neurons Communicate with Each Other , you could be sure it would discuss

Quiz 14: The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues

If a neuron becomes extremely tangled, ​

The defining characteristic of a cerebral vascular accident is ​

Visual adaptation involves the ability to adjust to changes in ​

When viewed through a microscope, a ____ would most resemble a spiral-shaped mass. ​

If your goal was to get the best image of a brain structure, you should use a ​

Carmen has a very difficult time breathing. Even after walking short distances, she is gasping for air. Carmen is exhibiting symptoms of ​

As a typical 80-year-old, Joan's ____ would have decreased significantly since she was 20. ​

The key factor in determining the impact of vascular dementia is ​

What is not used as a diagnostic test for vascular dementia? ​

Which condition does not belong with the rest? ​

What is a more common term used to describe a cerebral vascular accident? ​

Fifty-year-old Keith is informed by his doctor that his brain is showing signs of the initial development of neuritic plaques and a few neurofibrillary tangles. This is ​

After a series of strokes, Jerry is unable to recognize family members and has a very difficult time understanding his native language. The most probable diagnosis is ​

While looking at slides of brain tissue in a physiology class, you see groups of damaged neurons that have collected around a core of protein. What are you looking at? ​

While doing an autopsy of a brain, Dr. Howard shakes her head in disgust, saying, "This is just awful." When an assistant asks her what she sees, she says, "Two words ... deformed axons." What was the source of Dr. Howard's disgust? ​

Juliana has just suffered an interruption of blood flow to her brain. Her doctor has told her that she has just experienced a(n) ____ and that they should now do what they can to prevent the onset of a stroke. ​

What does not typically happen to the cardiovascular system as we age? ​

A cerebral hemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ​

Concerning brain imaging, MRI is to fMRI as ​

When you see a book titled How Neurons Communicate with Each Other , you could be sure it would discuss

If a neuron becomes extremely tangled,

The defining characteristic of a cerebral vascular accident is

Visual adaptation involves the ability to adjust to changes in

When viewed through a microscope, a ____ would most resemble a spiral-shaped mass.

If your goal was to get the best image of a brain structure, you should use a

Carmen has a very difficult time breathing. Even after walking short distances, she is gasping for air. Carmen is exhibiting symptoms of

As a typical 80-year-old, Joan's ____ would have decreased significantly since she was 20.

The key factor in determining the impact of vascular dementia is

What is not used as a diagnostic test for vascular dementia?

Which condition does not belong with the rest?

What is a more common term used to describe a cerebral vascular accident?

Fifty-year-old Keith is informed by his doctor that his brain is showing signs of the initial development of neuritic plaques and a few neurofibrillary tangles. This is

After a series of strokes, Jerry is unable to recognize family members and has a very difficult time understanding his native language. The most probable diagnosis is

While looking at slides of brain tissue in a physiology class, you see groups of damaged neurons that have collected around a core of protein. What are you looking at?

While doing an autopsy of a brain, Dr. Howard shakes her head in disgust, saying, "This is just awful." When an assistant asks her what she sees, she says, "Two words ... deformed axons." What was the source of Dr. Howard's disgust?

Juliana has just suffered an interruption of blood flow to her brain. Her doctor has told her that she has just experienced a(n) ____ and that they should now do what they can to prevent the onset of a stroke.

What does not typically happen to the cardiovascular system as we age?

A cerebral hemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel in the brain

Concerning brain imaging, MRI is to fMRI as