Question 1

The theoretical framework that emphasizes how sexuality contributes to the stability of society is the

Accepted Answer

The functionalist perspective is concerned with the ways in which various aspects of society contribute to its overall stability and function. Within this framework, sexuality is viewed as a reproductive function necessary for the continuation of society, and also as a means of building social bonds between individuals. Therefore, the functionalist perspective emphasizes how sexuality contributes to the stability of society.

Question 2

In some cultures, women do not believe that orgasm exists. Sociologists view this as evidence that

Accepted Answer

Sociologists recognize that sexual attitudes and behavior can vary cross-culturally. The belief that women do not experience orgasm in certain cultures reflects the influence of cultural norms and expectations surrounding female sexuality. It does not necessarily mean that women in those cultures are unable to experience orgasm physically. Understanding and respecting cultural differences in sexual attitudes and behaviors is an important aspect of sex education and sexuality research.

Question 3

What is the relationship between the concepts of sexual orientation and sexual identity?

Accepted Answer

Sexual orientation refers to an individual's enduring physical, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to others, often seen as an inherent aspect of a person. Sexual identity, on the other hand, involves how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves based on their sexual orientation, which can be influenced by societal norms and personal experiences. This distinction highlights that while sexual orientation is a core aspect of who a person is attracted to, sexual identity is how individuals understand and label themselves within a social and cultural context.

Question 4

The system of international sex trafficking

Accepted Answer

The system of international sex trafficking is often identified as a form of slavery because it involves the coerced movement of individuals across borders for the purpose of exploitation in the sex industry. It is a form of modern-day slavery. Answers B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the reality of the system of international sex trafficking.

Question 5

Children's sexual scripts come from all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Innate knowledge refers to something that is born into a child rather than learned from external sources. Children's sexual scripts are learned from playing games, their parents, and the media; they do not come from innate knowledge.

Question 6

According to _____ theory, the call for a return to "family values" aims to increase uniformity in values and thus protect the social order.

Accepted Answer

The functionalist perspective emphasizes the importance of social stability and sees the family as a key institution that helps maintain social order. The call for a return to "family values" aligns with this perspective by promoting uniformity in values that can help reinforce social norms and expectations.

Question 7

According to _____ theory, sexual relations are linked to other forms of stratification, and sexual violence, such as rape or sexual harassment, is the result of _____.

Accepted Answer

The theory that holds sexual relations are linked to other forms of stratification and that sexual violence is the result of power imbalances between men and women is conflict theory. This theory suggests that sexual violence is a tool used by men to enforce their power over women in a patriarchal society. Therefore, the best answer is B.

Question 8

An example of a new reproductive technology that signifies that reproduction is no longer inextricably linked to biological parents includes

Accepted Answer

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a technology that allows for the conception of a child outside the biological parents' bodies, thereby breaking the traditional link between reproduction and the biological process of conception within a parent's body.

Question 9

In 2003, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that

Accepted Answer

In 2003, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Lawrence v. Texas that private sexual relations between consenting adults of the same sex were protected under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and were a constitutional liberty. This decision struck down Texas' sodomy law and invalidated similar laws in other states. However, the ruling did not specifically address same-sex marriage or discrimination based on sexual orientation.

Question 10

A 2017 Gallup Poll indicates that _____ percent of the U.S. public think that abortion should be legal in all circumstances.

Accepted Answer

In 2017, Gallup Poll results showed that 29 percent of the U.S. public believed abortion should be legal under all circumstances, reflecting the nuanced views on this issue among Americans.

Question 11

According to _____ theory, the power that some sexual groups have over others and power within sexual relationships mirror the power structure in society as a whole.

Accepted Answer

This statement is in line with conflict theory, which emphasizes power struggles between social groups and the ways in which dominant groups use their power to maintain their privilege at the expense of subordinate groups. In this case, the theory suggests that patterns of power in sexual relationships reflect broader patterns of power and inequality in society as a whole. The other options (functionalist, symbolic interaction, social exchange) do not focus specifically on power dynamics or conflict between social groups.

Question 12

When it comes to attitudes in the United States toward gays and lesbians,

Accepted Answer

According to a 2019 Gallup poll, 63% of Americans believe that gay/lesbian relations are morally acceptable. This represents a significant increase from previous years, indicating a change in attitude towards the LGBTQ+ community. However, although support for same-sex marriage has grown over the past few years, only 63% of Americans believe that same-sex marriage should be legal, with 33% opposed. This suggests that there is still work to be done in terms of increasing acceptance and equality for the LGBTQ+ community. "Don't ask, don't tell" was a policy regarding LGBTQ+ individuals serving in the military that was repealed in 2011, indicating that it was not generally supported.

Question 13

Queer theory, which recognizes the socially constructed nature of sexual identity,

Accepted Answer

Queer theory sees society as creating rigid sexual boundaries or dichotomies, rather than seeing a particular sexuality as normal or fixed in biology. It emphasizes the socially constructed nature of sexual identity and challenges the idea that there are only two distinct and opposite genders.

Question 14

Conflict theorists

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists view changes in sexual norms as a result of challenges to the existing power structures, often driven by activists and social movements.

Question 15

Sex tourism is such a profitable enterprise that the International Labour Organization estimates that as much as _____ percent of the gross domestic product in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines is derived from sex tourism.

Accepted Answer

The International Labour Organization has estimated that sex tourism contributes as much as 14 percent to the GDP of countries like Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is false about the sexual practices of the U.S. public?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is false...

Question 17

Sociologists note that the increasing use of reproductive technologies

Accepted Answer

Sociologists have noted that the increasing use of reproductive technologies may lead to a new eugenics movement where certain traits or characteristics are favored over others, potentially leading to discrimination and inequality. This impact is not necessarily dependent on a woman's social status or guided by tradition, and there is no evidence to suggest that middle-class women are affected more than others.

Question 18

Research indicating that sexual identity is learned suggests that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that sexual socialization begins at a very early age, with parents, teachers, and the media all playing a

Question 19

_____ gives legitimacy to heterosexual behavior, but not homosexual behavior, in order to maintain complementary roles and the ideal of the nuclear family.

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theory suggests that society needs to maintain traditional gender roles and the nuclear family in order to function properly. This includes giving legitimacy to heterosexual behavior while stigmatizing homosexual behavior, as it supports the complementary roles of men and women in the family unit. Conflict theory would argue that this is a result of power dynamics and historical discrimination, while symbolic interaction theory focuses on the meanings and symbols associated with different sexual orientations. Social exchange theory is concerned with the costs and benefits of relationships, but is not directly related to the legitimization of certain types of behavior.

Question 20

When comparing the attitudes toward sex held by different generations, it is apparent that those attitudes

Accepted Answer

Attitudes toward sex have fluctuated and changed throughout history, with different generations having different views on the topic. This can be seen in societal norms, media representation, and public discourse. Therefore, options A, B, and C are not accurate.

Quiz 12: Sexuality