Question 1

List five (5)examples of economically important sedimentary rocks and explain their importance. Imagine that two (2)rocks from your list do not exist. Generate ideas for replacing their function(s)in our economy and explain how easy or difficult this task would be.

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Question 2

____________________ form when layers are arranged at an angle to the surface on which they were deposited and the layers are inclined in the direction of wind or water ____________________.

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Question 3

In the accompanying figure, indicate the three (3)major depositional environments for the formation of sedimentary rock. Discuss how physical and biological processes impart distinctive characteristics to the accumulating sediment in the different environments. Illustrate with one or more examples.

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Question 4

Describe strata.

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Question 5

Clams, oysters, corals, and some plants make their skeletons of minerals and form ____________________ sedimentary rocks.

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Question 6

The designation of sediment grain size, from largest to smallest, is gravel, sand, ____________________, and ____________________.

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Question 7

By far the most common chemical sediments are ____________________ mud and grains.

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Question 8

Define source rock and reservoir rock and briefly explain how each is important to hydrocarbon production.

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Question 9

The steam channel, floodplain, lake, beach or deep seafloor where a sediment is laid down is known as its ____________________.

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Question 10

Describe a hypothetical scenario in which a large chunk of quartz becomes the sedimentary rock called sandstone.

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Question 11

How do detrital sedimentary rocks differ from chemical sedimentary rocks?

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Question 12

Two processes that can create a rock from sediment are ____________________, in which grains are squeezed and water is lost, and ____________________, in which material is precipitated in pore spaces and binds grains together.

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Question 13

Describe how compaction lithifies mud sediments.

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Question 14

____________________ ripple marks form in response to wind or water moving in one direction.

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Question 15

Peat formation is the first step in forming the biochemical sedimentary rock called coal. Briefly describe the process of peat formation.

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Question 16

Along shorelines, marine ____________________and ____________________ accomplish much of the work of sediment transport and deposition.

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Question 17

Two major types of sediments that may become sedimentary rocks are ____________________ and ____________________.

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Question 18

Sediment becomes sedimentary rock by the process known as ____________________.

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Quiz 7: Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks