Question 1

The term "Sandwich Generation" refers to parents who

Accepted Answer

The term "Sandwich Generation" specifically refers to individuals who are caring for both their dependent children and elderly parents simultaneously, feeling "sandwiched" between these two responsibilities.

Question 2

Obedience is most important in which style of parenting?

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parenting emphasizes strict rules and obedience. Parents expect orders to be followed without explanation.

Question 3

Research on gay and lesbian parents compared with children of heterosexual parents reveals that

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that there are no significant differences in gender identities or gender-role behavior between children with gay and lesbian parents and those with heterosexual parents. There is also no evidence to suggest that children with gay and lesbian parents experience more behavioral problems than those with heterosexual parents.

Question 4

Although most women begin their families while in their twenties, we can expect that the trend toward later parenthood will continue to grow.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the average age of first-time mothers has been increasing over the years, and this trend is expected to continue. Factors such as education, career goals, and financial stability have contributed to the trend of delaying parenthood.

Question 5

The ______ or so following childbirth constitutes the postpartum period.

Accepted Answer

The postpartum period typically lasts for about three months after childbirth. It is a critical time for the health and well-being of both the mother and the newborn. During this time, the mother's body undergoes significant changes as it recovers from childbirth and adjusts to the demands of breastfeeding and caring for a newborn. It is important for new mothers to receive appropriate medical care and support during this period.

Question 6

Couples can experience less stress in the first year of childrearing if they

Accepted Answer

Open communication is essential for couples navigating the challenges of childrearing. By being honest and transparent with each other about their feelings and needs, partners can work together to address sources of stress and find solutions that work for both of them. This can lead to a stronger, more supportive relationship and a smoother transition into parenthood. The other options (B, C, and D) do not provide strategies for reducing stress in the first year of childrearing.

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of adoptive families?

Accepted Answer

Adoptive children benefit from environmentally enriching households. Studies have shown that adoptive families tend to invest more time and resources in their children, which often leads to an enriching home environment. This can include things like higher levels of education, greater cultural diversity, and increased exposure to different experiences and activities. As a result, adoptive children may have a wider range of opportunities for growth and development than biological children, particularly in areas like education and socialization.

Question 8

Between 2013 and 2014, fertility rates

Accepted Answer

According to the text, fertility rates decreased for age groups under 25 years old between 2013 and 2014. There is no mention of fertility rates increasing dramatically across populations or among high-school dropouts to the highest levels since 2007. The text does not provide information on fertility rates among different racial groups, so it is unknown if fertility rates decreased among Asian women.

Question 9

Contemporary childrearing strategies share which of the following tenets?

Accepted Answer

Contemporary childrearing strategies generally emphasize open communication between parents and children. Options A and D (Dominance and Physical punishment) are no longer considered appropriate and effective strategies, while lack of consequences (Option B) is generally not recommended as it may lead to inconsistent parenting and confusion for the child.

Question 10

Parents can best foster high self-esteem in their children by doing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Accepting their children as they are is the best way to foster high self-esteem. This includes not pressuring them to conform to specific standards or giving them unlimited freedom, but instead showing them unconditional love and support. While telling your children you are proud of them is important, it does not necessarily foster high self-esteem if it is coupled with pressure to meet certain expectations.

Question 11

Within the Hispanic population in the United States, fertility and birth rates are highest among Cuban Americans.

Accepted Answer

Fertility and birth rates are actually highest among Mexican Americans within the Hispanic population in the United States. The Cuban American population has lower fertility and birth rates compared to Mexican Americans.

Question 12

The ideology of intensive mothering refers to

Accepted Answer

Intensive mothering is a cultural ideology that sets an unrealistic standard for mothers to be constantly devoted, nurturing, and physically and emotionally available to their children. This standard can lead to feelings of guilt, inadequacy, and stress for mothers who are unable to meet these expectations.

Question 13

In looking at fatherhood, we find that

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that while there has been a shift towards more involved fatherhood in recent years, there is still a discrepancy between the cultural expectations of fatherhood and the actual conduct of fatherhood. This can lead to feelings of guilt or inadequacy for fathers who may not be able to live up to societal expectations. Option A is incorrect as not all fathers can be characterized as "nurturant" fathers. Option B is not true as not all fathers conform to new standards of fatherhood. Option D is an exaggeration as while fathers are more involved with children now than before, they do not engage in five times the number of activities with children than they did in the 1980s.

Question 14

What factor is most significant in accounting for differences between children who live with both biological parents and those living in single-parent, remarried, cohabiting, or stepparent households?

Accepted Answer

The economic factor is the most significant in accounting for differences between children who live with both biological parents and those living in single-parent, remarried, cohabiting, or stepparent households. Children in single-parent households and those in households with non-biological parents are more likely to experience financial instability, which can lead to fewer opportunities and resources compared to children in two-parent households with more stable incomes. This can affect their educational opportunities and overall well-being. Therefore, the economic factor plays a significant role in the development and future success of children.

Question 15

Parentified children

Accepted Answer

Parentification can lead to positive outcomes such as increased empathy and responsibility. However, it can also lead to negative outcomes such as emotional burden, decreased academic achievement, and difficulty forming healthy relationships. Therefore, it is not always viewed as abnormal and does not necessarily lead to self-centered behavior in adulthood.

Question 16

Postpartum depression involves

Accepted Answer

Postpartum depression has been found to involve a combination of biological factors, such as hormonal changes, as well as psychological and social factors, such as sleep deprivation and stressors related to the new role of being a parent. Therefore, the best choice is B - biological, psychological, and social factors.

Question 17

The terms "childless" and "child-free" mean the same thing.

Accepted Answer

"Childless" refers to people who want children but don't have them, while "child-free" refers to people who choose not to have children.

Question 18

Women who lose a pregnancy or young infant generally experience _____ in the initial stage.

Accepted Answer

In the initial stage of losing a pregnancy or young infant, women often experience shock and disbelief as an immediate emotional response.

Question 19

The term "child-free" is used to describe

Accepted Answer

The term "child-free" is used to describe a couple who chooses not to have children. Option A describes an empty nest, Option C describes infertility, and Option D describes permissive parenting.

Question 20

With respect to adoption, we find

Accepted Answer

Open adoption is generally preferred by most adoption experts as it allows for some level of contact between the adoptive and birth families, which can be beneficial for the child's identity and emotional well-being.

Quiz 10: Becoming and Being Parents