Question 1

Which of the following programs is a graphical editor for vector graphics?
A) Python
B) NGINX
C) Samba
D) Inkscape
E) MySQL

Accepted Answer

Inkscape is a well-known graphical editor specifically designed for creating and editing vector graphics.

Question 2

Which of the following permissions are set on the /tmp/ directory?
A) rwxrwxrwt
B) ------rwX
C) rwSrw-rw - rwSrw-rw -
D) rwxrwS---
E) r-xr-X--t

Accepted Answer

The /tmp directory typically has the permissions rwxrwxrwt, where the 't' at the end represents the sticky bit, allowing only the file owner to delete or modify their files within the directory.

Question 3

Which of the following commands adds the directory /new/dir/ to the PATH environment variable?
A) $PATH=/new/dir: $PATH
B) PATH=/new/dir: PATH
C) export PATH=/new/dir: PATH
D) export $PATH=/new/dir: $PATH
E) export PATH=/new/dir: $PATH

Accepted Answer

The correct syntax to add a directory to the PATH environment variable is to use the export command with the PATH variable, ensuring to include the existing PATH. The correct command is `export PATH=/new/dir:$PATH`.

Question 4

What is a Linux distribution?
A) The Linux file system as seen from the root account after mounting all file systems.
B) A bundling of the Linux kernel, system utilities and other software.
C) The set of rules which governs the distribution of Linux kernel source code.
D) An operating system based on Linux but incompatible to the regular Linux kernel.
E) A set of changes to Linux which enable Linux to run on another processor architecture.

Accepted Answer

A Linux distribution is a complete operating system package that includes the Linux kernel, system utilities, and additional software, making it ready for installation and use.

Question 5

Which permissions are set on a regular file once the permissions have been modified with the command chmod 654 file.txt ?
A) drw-r-xr--
B) d-wxr-x--
C) -wxr-x--x
D) -rwxrw---x
E) - rw-r-xr-- - rw-r-xr--

Accepted Answer

The command `chmod 654 file.txt` sets the permissions to `-rw-r-xr--`, where the owner has read and write permissions (6), the group has read and execute permissions (5), and others have read permissions (4).

Question 6

What is defined by a Free Software license?
A) Details of the technical documentation each contributor has to provide.
B) The programming languages which may be used to extend the licensed program.
C) A complete list of libraries required to compile the licensed software.
D) Limits on the purposes for which the licensed software may be used.
E) Conditions for modifying and distributing the licensed software.

Accepted Answer

A Free Software license defines the conditions under which the software can be modified and distributed, ensuring that users have the freedom to use, study, share, and modify the software.

Question 7

A user is currently in the directory /home/ user/Downloads/ and runs the command ls ../Documents/ Assuming it exists, which directory's content is displayed?
A) /home/ user/Documents/
B) /home/ user/Documents/Downloads/
C) /home/ user/Downloads/Documents/
D) /Documents/
E) /home/Documents

Accepted Answer

The answer of A user is currently in the directory...

Question 8

Running the command rm Downloads leads to the following error: rm: cannot remove 'Downloads/': Is a directory Which of the following commands can be used instead to remove Downloads , assuming is empty?
A) undir Downloads
B) rmdir Downloads
C) dir -r Downloads
D) rem Downloads
E) rm -r Downloads

Accepted Answer

The answer of Running the command rm Downloads leads to...

Question 9

What is true about a recursive directory listing?
A) It includes the content of sub-directories.
B) It includes the permissions of the directory listed.
C) It includes details of file system internals, such as inodes.
D) It includes ownership information for the files.
E) It includes a preview of content for each file in the directory.

Accepted Answer

A recursive directory listing involves listing all files and directories within a specified directory, including all files and directories in its sub-directories.

Question 10

Which of the following commands are used to get information on the proper use of ls?
A) option ls
B) usage ls
C) manual ls
D) man ls
E) info ls

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following commands are used...

Question 11

A directory contains the following files:  What would be the output of the following shell script? for file in *.txt 
A) *.txt
B) a b
C) c.cav
D) a.txt
E) a. txt b. txt

Accepted Answer

The answer of A directory contains the following files: ...

Question 12

Which of the following types of bus can connect hard disk drives with the motherboard?
A) The RAM bus
B) The NUMA bus
C) The CPU bus
D) The SATA bus
E) The Auto bus

Accepted Answer

The SATA bus is a type of bus that can connect hard disk drives with the motherboard.

Question 13

What is true about the dmesg command?
A) It traces the execution of a command and shows each step the program carries out.
B) It sends messages to the command lines of all current user sessions.
C) It displays the content of the Linux kernel's ring buffer.
D) It immediately outputs all new messages written to the system journal.
E) It might not display older information because it was overwritten by newer information.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is true about the dmesg command?
A)...

Question 14

Which of the following are typical services offered by public cloud providers?
A) Platform as a Service(PaaS)
B) Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)
C) Internet as a Service(IaaS)
D) Graphics as a Service (GaaS)
E) Software as a Service (SaaS)

Accepted Answer

Public cloud providers typically offer three main services: Platform as a Service (PaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). These services allow users to access and utilize computing resources remotely, without the need for physical hardware or infrastructure. Internet as a Service (IaaS) and Graphics as a Service (GaaS) are not typical services offered by public cloud providers.

Question 15

The current directory contains the following file: -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 859688 Feb 7 08:15 test.sh Given that the file is a valid shell script, how can this script be executed?
A) run test.sh
B) ${test.sh}
C) cmd ./test.sh
D) ./test.sh
E) bash test.sh

Accepted Answer

The answer of The current directory contains the following file:...

Question 16

Which of the following outputs could stem from the command last?
A) 1 ls 2 cat text.txt 3 logout
B) Password for user last changed at Sat Mar 31 16:38:57 EST 2018
C) Last login: Fri Mar 23 10:56:39 2018 from server.example.com
D) EXT4-fs (dm-7): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
E) root    tty2    Wed May 17 21:11 - 21:11    (00:00)

Accepted Answer

The `last` command in Unix/Linux is used to display a list of the last logged-in users. Option E shows a typical output format of the `last` command, indicating a user session on a terminal.

Question 17

What are the differences between hard disk drives and solid state disks?
A) Hard disks have a motor and moving parts, solid state disks do not.
B) Hard disks can fail due to physical damage, while solid state disks cannot fail.
C) Solid state disks can store many times as much data as hard disk drives.
D) / dev/sda is a hard disk device while /dev/ssda is a solid state disk. / dev/sda is a hard disk device while /dev/ssda is a solid state disk.
E) Solid state disks provide faster access to stored data than hard disks.

Accepted Answer

A - Hard disks have moving parts which can lead to mechanical failure, while solid state disks do not have any moving parts, making them more durable and less prone to failure.
E - Solid state disks provide faster access to stored data than hard disks. This is because they rely on memory chips rather than spinning disks and moving heads, making them faster and more efficient.

Question 18

Which of the following commands will search for the file foo.txt under the directory /home ?
A) search /home -file foo.txt
B) search /home foo. txt
C) find /home - file foo.txt
D) find /home -name foo.txt
E) find /home foo.txt

Accepted Answer

The `find` command with the `-name` option is used to search for files by name in a specified directory.

Question 19

The current directory contains the following file: -rw-r-r- 1 root exec 24551 Apr 2 12:36 test.sh The file contains a valid shell script, but executing this file using ./test.sh leads to this error: bash: ./test.sh: Permission denied What should be done in order to successfully execute the script?
A) The file's extension should be changed from . sh to .bin. The file's extension should be changed from . sh to .bin.
B) The execute bit should be set in the file's permissions.
C) The user executing the script should be added to the exec group. The user executing the script should be added to the exec group.
D) The SetUID bit should be set in the file's permissions
E) The script should be run using #!./test. sh instead of ./test.sh. The script should be run using #!./test. sh instead of ./test.sh.

Accepted Answer

The file lacks execute permissions, which is why the error occurs. Setting the execute bit (e.g., using `chmod +x test.sh`) will allow the script to be executed.

Question 20

Which package management tool is used in Red Hat-based Linux Systems?
A) portage
B) rpm
C) apt-get
D) dpkg
E) packagectl

Accepted Answer

RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) is the package management tool used in Red Hat-based Linux systems.

Exam 2: Linux Essentials Certificate Exam, version 1.6

Which of the following programs is a graphical editor for vector graphics?

Which of the following permissions are set on the /tmp/ directory?

Which of the following commands adds the directory /new/dir/ to the PATH environment variable?

What is a Linux distribution?

Which permissions are set on a regular file once the permissions have been modified with the command chmod 654 file.txt ?

What is defined by a Free Software license?

A user is currently in the directory /home/ user/Downloads/ and runs the command ls ../Documents/ Assuming it exists, which directory's content is displayed?

Running the command rm Downloads leads to the following error: rm: cannot remove 'Downloads/': Is a directory Which of the following commands can be used instead to remove Downloads , assuming is empty?

What is true about a recursive directory listing?

Which of the following commands are used to get information on the proper use of ls?

A directory contains the following files: What would be the output of the following shell script? for file in *.txt

Which of the following types of bus can connect hard disk drives with the motherboard?

What is true about the dmesg command?

Which of the following are typical services offered by public cloud providers?

The current directory contains the following file: -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 859688 Feb 7 08:15 test.sh Given that the file is a valid shell script, how can this script be executed?

Which of the following outputs could stem from the command last?

What are the differences between hard disk drives and solid state disks?

Which of the following commands will search for the file foo.txt under the directory /home ?

The current directory contains the following file: -rw-r-r- 1 root exec 24551 Apr 2 12:36 test.sh The file contains a valid shell script, but executing this file using ./test.sh leads to this error: bash: ./test.sh: Permission denied What should be done in order to successfully execute the script?

Which package management tool is used in Red Hat-based Linux Systems?