Which Describes a Proactive Trigger for Problem Management

Which describes a proactive trigger for problem management?

A) Automated detection of an infrastructure or application fault, using event/alert tools automatically to raise an incident
B) Analysis of an incident by a technical support group which reveals that an underlying problem exists, or is likely to exist
C) Suspicion or detection of a cause of one or more incidents by the service desk
D) Trending of historical incident records to identify one or more underlying causes