Question 1

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-D.W.Winnicott
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its...

Question 2

According to the text,a neo-Freudian would most likely believe the following EXCEPT ________.
A) much of mental life (i.e. thoughts, feelings, motives) is unconscious
B) childhood experiences shape the personality developed in adulthood
C) relationships formed with parents repeat later in adulthood
D) young boys are shaped by the experience of admiration and love for their mother and bitter jealousy for their father

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects the beliefs of classical Freudian theory and is not necessarily shared by all neo-Freudians who may have different perspectives on the role of parental relationships in shaping personality.

Question 3

What are the three types of attachment in children,according to attachment theory?
A) anxious-ambivalent, avoidant, dependent
B) anxious-ambivalent, avoidant, secure
C) anxious-ambivalent, dependent, secure
D) avoidant, dependent, secure

Accepted Answer

Attachment theory proposes that there are three primary attachment styles in children. The first is anxious-ambivalent, where the child has a high level of anxiety and uncertainty in the presence of the caregiver. The second is avoidant, where the child shows minimal attachment or emotional responsiveness to the caregiver. The third is secure, where the child feels comfortable and secure in the presence of the caregiver and uses them as a source of comfort and support. Therefore, option B) correctly lists the three types of attachment style in children as anxious-ambivalent, avoidant, and secure.

Question 4

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Erik Erikson
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its...

Question 5

According to Bowlby,the basis of love is ________.
A) friendship
B) attachment
C) fear
D) security

Accepted Answer

Bowlby's theory of attachment suggests that the basis of love is attachment. He believed that humans have an innate tendency to form attachments with caregivers from an early age, which serves as a foundation for later relationships and love. Attachment provides a sense of security and comfort, and the bonds formed in early childhood can shape an individual's ability to form romantic relationships later in life.

Question 6

Susie is an infant participating in a strange situation.When her mother leaves the room,Susie does not seem to care.Upon her mother's return,Susie ignores her.What kind of attachment does Susie have to her mother?
A) anxious-ambivalent
B) avoidant
C) rejecting
D) depressive

Accepted Answer

These behaviors suggest an avoidant attachment style, where the infant appears indifferent to the presence or absence of the caregiver and shows little or no interest in seeking comfort or proximity when the caregiver returns.

Question 7

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Alfred Adler
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

Alfred Adler is known for his belief in the positive potential of human beings to live cooperatively and contribute to the common welfare, which aligns with choice J.

Question 8

Classic psychoanalytic theory assumes development ________ whereas contemporary developmental psychology assumes development ________.
A) relies on nature; relies on nurture
B) stops after adolescence; continues throughout adulthood
C) continues throughout adulthood; stops after adolescence
D) relies on nurture; relies on nature

Accepted Answer

Classic psychoanalytic theory, such as Freud's, traditionally viewed development as largely completed by adolescence, focusing on early childhood experiences. Contemporary developmental psychology, however, emphasizes that development is a lifelong process, continuing into and throughout adulthood.

Question 9

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Carl Jung
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its...

Question 10

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-John Bowlby
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby is associated with the attachment theory, which emphasizes the importance of early experiences with caregivers in shaping an individual's future relationships and outlook on life.

Question 11

An element of Freudian theory that has been most supported in modern attachment theory and research is that ________.
A) attachments can form only between mothers and infants
B) the attachment bond is formed by the caregiver meeting the child's oral needs
C) early relationships with parents form models for later romantic attachments
D) attachment styles are determined by the successful resolution of the Oedipal crisis

Accepted Answer

Modern attachment theory has found that early relationships with parents do form models for later romantic attachments. The concept of attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) is based on how an individual's early attachment experiences shape their expectations and behaviors in adult relationships. This is consistent with Freud's idea that early experiences can have lasting effects on later relationships.

Question 12

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Drew Westen
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

Drew Westen emphasizes the psychoanalytic perspective in understanding personality and psychological research, suggesting that all psychological research has some psychoanalytic elements.

Question 13

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Karen Horney
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

Karen Horney is known for her theory that countered Freud's concept of "penis envy" with the idea that women's feelings of inferiority were not due to biological differences but rather to the socio-cultural conditions of a patriarchal society. She emphasized the role of societal and cultural influences over the innate biological instincts that Freud highlighted.

Question 14

Research suggests that avoidant children are likely to become adults who tend to________.
A) be obsessed with their romantic partners
B) be relatively uninterested in romantic relationships
C) have high self-esteem and confidence
D) enjoy long, stable romantic relationships

Accepted Answer

Avoidant children tend to develop an avoidant attachment style, which often leads to a lack of interest in romantic relationships as adults. This does not necessarily mean they will be uninterested in all relationships, but rather that they may struggle with intimacy and vulnerability in romantic relationships.

Question 15

What question is most useful to ask when evaluating the psychoanalytic approach?
A) Is this approach scientific?
B) Is this approach morally wrong?
C) Does this approach raise unanswered questions about human behavior?
D) How would Freud use this approach to evaluate the behavior of his patients?

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic approach is a complex and multifaceted theory of human behavior. It is important to ask questions about the approach in order to evaluate its usefulness and validity. One of the most important questions to ask is whether the approach raises unanswered questions about human behavior. This question is important because it helps to identify the limitations of the approach and to determine whether it is able to provide a comprehensive understanding of human behavior.

Question 16

Gee is entering his senior year of high school and has successfully moved through Erikson's psychosocial stages of development to this point.Explain which of Erikson's stages Gee will confront as an adult.What will need to happen for him to continue through Erikson's stages successfully?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gee is entering his senior year of...

Question 17

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Melanie Klein
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

Melanie Klein is best known for her work in object relations theory, which suggests that people relate to others based on the images, or internalized representations, of them that we hold in our minds. This approach emphasizes the importance of early relationships, particularly with primary caregivers, in shaping the way individuals perceive and interact with others throughout their lives.

Question 18

The psychological goal of attachment is to ________.
A) feel secure
B) possess the parent sexually
C) avoid conflict with authority figures
D) manipulate others

Accepted Answer

The psychological goal of attachment is to feel secure, which is achieved by seeking proximity and comfort from a primary caregiver. Possessing the parent sexually, avoiding conflict with authority figures, and manipulating others are not considered healthy psychological goals of attachment.

Question 19

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist.
-Jane Loevinger
A)People are motivated as adults to overcome feelings of inferiority they developed as a child.
B)Human beings are a part of the collective unconscious, which includes inborn memories, ideas, and images.
C)Women lack confidence due to the structure of society rather than the biological differences between men and women.
D)People develop socially acceptable false selves to maintain smooth interpersonal relationships.
E)People relate to other people through the images of them we hold in our minds.
F)People develop through their confrontation with various conflicts throughout their life spans.
G)Psychological development is the story of ego development because the function of ego is to make sense of everything a person experiences.
H)Individuals' early experiences with love shapes their future outlook on life and other people.
I)Any psychological research is at least "a little" psychoanalytic.

Accepted Answer

Jane Loevinger's theory is centered on ego development, emphasizing how individuals make sense of their experiences through the evolution of the ego.

Question 20

Research suggests that anxious-ambivalent children are relatively likely to become adults who tend to ________.
A) be obsessed with their romantic partners
B) be relatively uninterested in romantic relationships
C) have high self-esteem and confidence
D) enjoy long, stable romantic relationships

Accepted Answer

Anxious-ambivalent attachment is characterized by a preoccupation with one's romantic partner, a tendency towards jealousy, and a fear of abandonment. Research suggests that this attachment style can lead to adult relationships where the individual is overly dependent and anxious in their romantic relationships, potentially leading to obsession.

Quiz 11: Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -D.W.Winnicott

According to the text,a neo-Freudian would most likely believe the following EXCEPT ________.

What are the three types of attachment in children,according to attachment theory?

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Erik Erikson

According to Bowlby,the basis of love is ________.

Susie is an infant participating in a strange situation.When her mother leaves the room,Susie does not seem to care.Upon her mother's return,Susie ignores her.What kind of attachment does Susie have to her mother?

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Alfred Adler

Classic psychoanalytic theory assumes development whereas contemporary developmental psychology assumes development .

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Carl Jung

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -John Bowlby

An element of Freudian theory that has been most supported in modern attachment theory and research is that ________.

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Drew Westen

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Karen Horney

Research suggests that avoidant children are likely to become adults who tend to________.

What question is most useful to ask when evaluating the psychoanalytic approach?

Gee is entering his senior year of high school and has successfully moved through Erikson's psychosocial stages of development to this point.Explain which of Erikson's stages Gee will confront as an adult.What will need to happen for him to continue through Erikson's stages successfully?

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Melanie Klein

The psychological goal of attachment is to ________.

Match each central theoretical viewpoint with its associated neo-Freudian psychologist. -Jane Loevinger

Research suggests that anxious-ambivalent children are relatively likely to become adults who tend to ________.