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Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Suicide risk is associated with a variety of factors. Personal factors include childhood abuse, certain personality traits (eg, impulsiveness, aggression) , and history of mental illness. Over 90% of people who attempt suicide meet diagnostic criteria for at least one psychological disorder, and suicide risk increases as the number of co-occurring disorders increases. Diagnosis severity also matters: studies suggest that individuals are at greatest risk of attempting suicide while inpatient at or newly discharged from a psychiatric hospital.Social factors also play a role in suicide. Sociologist Émile Durkheim argued that embeddedness in society is a key feature in determining the likelihood of an individual committing suicide. Specifically, the more people that depend on an individual financially, emotionally, or physically, the less likely that individual is to commit suicide. Studies suggest that suicide is also linked to religious affiliation and income level. Religious groups that place more value on community events, church attendance, and collective solidarity tend to have lower rates of suicide among members, whereas more affluent individuals are more likely to commit suicide.Economic trends have also been linked to suicide. One study retrospectively analyzed the relationship between the U.S. economy and suicide rates. It found that the overall suicide rate tends to rise during economic recessions and drop during economic expansions (Figure 1) .
Figure 1 U.S. suicide rates compared to economic trendsFurther analysis of suicide data suggests that for every individual who successfully commits suicide, approximately 25 individuals are unsuccessful in such attempts, costing the United States billions of dollars annually in both lost wages and treatment expense. Although white, middle-aged men are the most likely cohort to successfully commit suicide, women attempt suicide three times more often than men.
-Sociologists often consider suicide a deviant behavior because suicide:

Question

Passage
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Suicide risk is associated with a variety of factors. Personal factors include childhood abuse, certain personality traits (eg, impulsiveness, aggression) , and history of mental illness. Over 90% of people who attempt suicide meet diagnostic criteria for at least one psychological disorder, and suicide risk increases as the number of co-occurring disorders increases. Diagnosis severity also matters: studies suggest that individuals are at greatest risk of attempting suicide while inpatient at or newly discharged from a psychiatric hospital.Social factors also play a role in suicide. Sociologist Émile Durkheim argued that embeddedness in society is a key feature in determining the likelihood of an individual committing suicide. Specifically, the more people that depend on an individual financially, emotionally, or physically, the less likely that individual is to commit suicide. Studies suggest that suicide is also linked to religious affiliation and income level. Religious groups that place more value on community events, church attendance, and collective solidarity tend to have lower rates of suicide among members, whereas more affluent individuals are more likely to commit suicide.Economic trends have also been linked to suicide. One study retrospectively analyzed the relationship between the U.S. economy and suicide rates. It found that the overall suicide rate tends to rise during economic recessions and drop during economic expansions (Figure 1) .

Figure 1 U.S. suicide rates compared to economic trendsFurther analysis of suicide data suggests that for every individual who successfully commits suicide, approximately 25 individuals are unsuccessful in such attempts, costing the United States billions of dollars annually in both lost wages and treatment expense. Although white, middle-aged men are the most likely cohort to successfully commit suicide, women attempt suicide three times more often than men.
-Sociologists often consider suicide a deviant behavior because suicide:

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

11ecba2d_0c91_d079_a3bf_3d916909909c_MD0008_00 Deviance is any behavior that violates culturally established norms. Deviant behavior can be viewed as simply odd or off-putting (eg, nose-picking in public) or can be viewed as egregious or criminal (eg, shooting someone). Deviant behavior considered morally reprehensible by society is known as a taboo. Suicide violates the major social script of protecting ourselves and trying to avoid pain, and is considered taboo in most societies. Norms that dictate how to behave (also known as normative social scripts) exist in every culture and serve to disseminate information about appropriate conduct in a variety of situations. Folkways are less formal social norms whereas mores are more formal social norms. A violation of folkways (eg, walking outside with all your clothes on backward) is unlikely to draw more than a few raised eyebrows, but violation of mores (eg, walking outside naked) is likely to result in more formal punishment. (Choice A) Deviant behavior is not defined by how uncommon it is. (Choice B) Folkways are informal normative behaviors, practices, and traditions in society. (Choice C) Both formal and informal sanctions exist for attempting suicide. Formal sanctions are those codified by law (eg, involuntary confinement for a suicide attempt), and informal sanctions are behaviors that occur at the individual level (eg, social shunning, disapproval). Educational objective: Deviance is the violation of culturally sanctioned normative behavior. Deviant behavior that is morally reprehensible is considered a taboo.

Passage Suicide Is One of the Leading Causes of Death in in the United