A study looked at the link between a new vaccination and traveler's diarrhea (TD). Researchers chose a random sample of persons who planned to travel to areas where they were at higher risk for TD and who had gotten the new vaccination, as well as a separate random sample of people who planned to travel to the same areas but had not received the new vaccine. These two groups of tourists were evaluated for the presence of TD during the trip and for seven days after returning home. Which of the following association measurements are the investigators most likely to report?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Eductional Objective: This instance covers a cohort study in which individuals are originally chosen based on their risk modifier exposure status: exposed (e.g., vaccinated) or nonexposed (eg, not vaccinated). The occurrence (ie, incidence) of the outcome/disease of interest (ie, traveler's diarrhea [TD]) during a certain period is determined in each group after participants are classified based on exposure status. Finally, the risk of disease is compared across exposed and nonexposed groups to assess the relationship between risk modifier exposure and disease incidence. The relative risk is a frequent measure of association in cohort research (RR). The following is how the RR is calculated:
RR = (exposure risk of illness) / (risk of disease in nonexposed)
In this example, the RR would be inversed if the exposed group was classified as the unvaccinated group and the nonexposed group as the vaccinated group (interpretation of RR depends on what is chosen to represent the exposure).

A Study Looked at the Link Between a New Vaccination