Researchers examining the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in postmenopausal women estimated the relative risk (RR) of MI to be 1.30 (p = 0.07) in women who use HRT vs those who do not. According to the researchers, there is no statistically significant increased risk of MI with HRT (based on a threshold of = 0.05). Following that, the findings of a meta-analysis show that postmenopausal women who use HRT had an elevated risk of MI, with an overall RR = 1.32 (p = 0.03) compared to those who do not. In the first study, which of the following was the most likely problem?

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Eductional Objective: A study's power increases as its sample size increases. Therefore, the larger the sample, the greater the ability of a study to detect a difference when one truly exists.

Researchers Examining the Impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) on the Risk