A 50-year-old woman visits the clinic for her yearly checkup. She is in good health and just takes calcium and vitamin D pills. The patient doesn't smoke, drink, or use illegal substances. Her BP is 118/69 millimeters of mercury. The physical exam reveals nothing extraordinary. Recent mammography results were normal. Two polyps were removed after a colonoscopy revealed them. One polyp is small and displays early adenoma traits on histological inspection, whereas the other is larger and displays late adenoma features. A mutation in which of the following genes would most likely cause this patient's small early adenoma to grow and develop late adenoma features?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Eductional Objective: The likelihood that an adenomatous polyp may become cancerous depends on its size. Adenomas under 1 cm are unlikely to proceed to malignancy, whereas those over 4 cm are very likely to become adenocarcinomas. The KRAS protooncogene mutation promotes unchecked cell proliferation, which aids in the development of adenomas.

A 50-Year-Old Woman Visits the Clinic for Her Yearly Checkup