Question 1

Ab means "away" or "from," whereas "normal" refers to "average" or "standard." Thus, abnormal is defined as something the deviates from the average.

Accepted Answer

The prefix "ab-" means "away from," and "normal" refers to what is standard or average, so "abnormal" means deviating from the norm.

Question 2

Age is an important developmental index in judging behavior.

Accepted Answer

Age is a key factor in understanding behavior as it often correlates with developmental stages, influencing cognitive, emotional, and social abilities.

Question 3

Cultural norms for behavior rarely impact diagnostic rates for a disorder.

Accepted Answer

Cultural norms can significantly influence how behaviors are perceived and whether they are considered indicative of a disorder, affecting diagnostic rates.

Question 4

Ethnicity denotes common customs, values, language or traits that are associated with national origin or geographic area.

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity refers to shared cultural characteristics such as customs, values, language, and traits that are often linked to a group's national origin or geographic area.

Question 5

A child's behavior should be consistent and not vary across settings (e.g., classroom, playground, home).

Accepted Answer

A child's behavior can vary across different settings due to varying expectations, social dynamics, and environmental factors.

Question 6

In most cultures boys are expected to be less active and less aggressive than girls. This expectation is an example of a situational norm.

Accepted Answer

This expectation is an example of a gender norm, not a situational norm. Gender norms are societal expectations based on gender, while situational norms are expectations based on specific situations.

Question 7

Youth rarely refer themselves for clinical evaluation.

Accepted Answer

Youth often rely on adults, such as parents or teachers, to recognize and refer them for clinical evaluation rather than seeking help themselves.

Question 8

According to the American Psychological Association, 10 percent of youth have a serious mental health disorder.

Accepted Answer

The American Psychological Association has reported that approximately 10 percent of children and adolescents have a serious mental health disorder that affects their functioning at home, in school, or in the community.

Question 9

Quantifying the prevalence of disorders is difficult because it depends on several factors, including the definition of disorders, the population examined, and the methods used to identify the problem.

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of disorders can vary based on how disorders are defined, the characteristics of the population being studied, and the methodologies employed to identify and measure the disorders.

Question 10

Changing social conditions may increase the risk of disorders in young people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Changing social conditions may increase the risk...

Question 11

Early disturbances, for example, feeding issues or sleep disorders in infancy, do not have developmental consequences.

Accepted Answer

Early disturbances such as feeding issues or sleep disorders in infancy can have developmental consequences, potentially affecting physical, cognitive, and emotional development.

Question 12

One difficulty in establishing the age of onset of any behavioral disorder is that the onset may occur gradually, so that age of onset may be an arbitrary estimation rather than a precise age.

Accepted Answer

The gradual onset of behavioral disorders can make it challenging to pinpoint an exact age, leading to estimations rather than precise determinations.

Question 13

Schizophrenia is a disorder that typically begins during childhood.

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia typically begins in late adolescence or early adulthood, not during childhood.

Question 14

Males are more vulnerable than females to neurodevelopmental disorders that occur early in life.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that males are more frequently diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and ADHD, suggesting a higher vulnerability compared to females.

Question 15

One explanation for differing rates of behavioral disorder between boys and girls is gender differences in disruptive behavior, which can result in gender differences in referrals for clinical services.

Accepted Answer

Gender differences in disruptive behavior can lead to boys being more frequently referred for clinical services, contributing to differing rates of diagnosed behavioral disorders between boys and girls.

Question 16

The conceptualization of adolescence as a distinct period of life began in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Accepted Answer

The concept of adolescence as a distinct stage of life emerged during the 17th and 18th centuries, marking a shift from the traditional view of childhood as a seamless transition to adulthood.

Question 17

Somatogenesis refers to the belief that behavioral disturbance results from a person's being possessed or influenced by devils or some similar force.

Accepted Answer

Somatogenesis refers to the idea that behavioral disturbances are caused by biological factors, not supernatural forces.

Question 18

Kraepelin is credited with creating a system to classify mental disturbances that serve as the basis for modern classification systems.

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin developed a classification system for mental disorders in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which laid the groundwork for modern psychiatric classification systems like the DSM and ICD.

Question 19

The belief that mental problems are caused by psychological variables is called psychogenesis.

Accepted Answer

Psychogenesis refers to the origin and development of psychological processes, disorders, or conditions, emphasizing psychological factors as the cause.

Question 20

Freud contributed to the field of childhood behavioral disorder by positing that early, unresolved psychological conflict is the source of emotional problems.

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychoanalytic theory suggests that unresolved conflicts from childhood can lead to emotional and behavioral disorders in adulthood.

Quiz 1: Introduction