Compare and contrast the judicial and participationist models of salvation. What is the problem in each of these scenarios? What is the solution? How is a believer justified?

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The Answer is Paul presents two central models of salvation in Romans. First is the judicial model. In this scenario, God is both lawmaker and judge. Humans disobey God (sin), and the penalty for sin is death. The solution to this problem is Jesus' death. Jesus pays the penalty for human sin. God's acceptance of this payment is apparent because he resurrects Jesus. For Christians to appropriate Christ's payment, they must have faith in its efficacy. Second is the participationist model. Here, too, the problem is sin, but sin is not an act; it is a cosmic force that enslaves humans. The solution to this problem is Jesus' death, envisioned as the defeat of the power of sin and death. People participate in Christ's victory and are united with him through baptism.

Compare and Contrast the Judicial and Participationist Models of Salvation