Question 1

Technological advances take place through the process of __________________.

Accepted Answer

innovation

Question 2

In the United States, health research takes place in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

B, C, D, E

Question 3

Without patent protection, innovations would be greatly slowed unless governments were to fund product development as well as basic research processes.

Accepted Answer

Patent protection incentivizes private investment in innovation by granting exclusive rights, which might otherwise require government funding to maintain innovation rates.

Question 4

Which country has been the location of three very profitable pharmaceutical companies and introduced patent protection for drugs only in 1977?

Accepted Answer

Switzerland is known for being the location of three major pharmaceutical companies: Novartis, Roche, and formerly Ciba-Geigy. It introduced patent protection for drugs in 1977.

Question 5

In multi-country studies of the rate with which advanced technology treatments for heart attack were adopted, higher rates of diffusion were found in countries with fee-for-service reimbursement systems. Which of the following countries have adopted a fee-for-service system?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In multi-country studies of the rate with...

Question 6

The United States was found to be more productively efficient than Germany in the treatment of which of the following medical conditions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The United States was found to be...

Question 7

At least until the mid-1980s, both Medicare and the prevalent indemnity form of private insurance encouraged a bias toward cost-increasing and quality-increasing innovation.

Accepted Answer

Medicare and indemnity insurance models reimbursed providers based on the services rendered, incentivizing more treatments and procedures, which often led to increased costs and improvements in medical technology and quality.

Question 8

Studies show that the rate of product development is diminished in firms that have more contact with academic institution, which is particularly true with products that are radically new rather than incrementally changed.

Accepted Answer

Studies generally show that collaboration with academic institutions can enhance innovation and product development, especially for radically new products, due to access to cutting-edge research and expertise.

Question 9

The problem of ____________________is particularly serious in the pharmaceutical industry where development costs are very large compared to production costs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The problem of ____________________is particularly serious in...

Question 10

By 1992, what percentage of cholecystectomies performed in the United States were laparoscopic?

Accepted Answer

The answer of By 1992, what percentage of cholecystectomies performed...

Quiz 13: Technology Transfer in Health Care