Several studies have found that students who drink heavily are more likely than other students to miss class, get behind in school work, and perform poorly on examinations. From this finding, we can conclude confidently that
A) heavy drinking has a negative impact on academic performance.
B) heavy drinking impairs the cognitive tasks required to perform well academically.
C) poor academic performance causes distress that leads to heavy drinking.
D) there is an association between alcohol use and academic performance.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The studies show a correlation between heavy drinking and poor academic performance, but they do not establish causation. Therefore, we can only conclude that there is an association.

Several Studies Have Found That Students Who Drink Heavily Are