Question 1

Is the question of religious pluralism's relationship with religiosity settled science?

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Question 2

Why did some scholars argue that ideology or history had "ended"?

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Question 3

What does the idea of "multiple modernities" mean?

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Question 4

What is "twenty-first-century socialism" and how, if at all, is it different from earlier forms of socialism?

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Question 5

How do the ideas in "End of History" differ from that in the "Clash of Civilizations"?

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Question 6

Is religion an ideology? Is ideology a religion?

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Question 7

Is social democracy a liberal or a socialist idea? State and defend your position on this question.

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Question 8

Which account of contemporary political-cultural differences is more useful, that of Huntington (the "Clash of Civilizations") or that of Eisenstadt ("multiple modernities")? Explain clearly both views and defend your answer.

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Question 9

Was Fukuyama right about the "End of History"? Bring two other theories discussed from this chapter into your answer to this question.

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Question 10

Analyze the various reasons why modernization theory and the religious economies school have such different accounts of religion's role in contemporary societies. Why and in what respects are these theories so different?

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Question 11

Three of the theories we considered about religion's role in society conceptualize very differently the phenomenon they are trying to explain. Analyze these differences and explicate their implications for the theories more generally.

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Question 12

Following "Thinking Comparatively" in Chapter 15, analyze the implications of modern populism in the United States. Compare it with Populism in another country. Do you think populism is developing into an ideology in the U.S.? Why or why not?

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Quiz 15: Ideology and Religion in Modern Politics