Question 1

Define the following terms:
-Classicism

Accepted Answer

Classicism is a term that refers to the principles and aesthetic attitudes derived from the art, literature, and culture of ancient Greece and Rome. It is characterized by a high regard for classical antiquity as the source and foundation of Western culture, and it emphasizes qualities such as clarity, order, balance, harmony, and proportion, which were considered ideals in the arts of the classical period.

In a broader sense, Classicism can also refer to the admiration and imitation of classical themes and forms throughout various periods of history, particularly during the Renaissance and the 18th century Enlightenment in Europe, when there was a conscious revival of the classical style.

Classicism in art and architecture is marked by symmetry, mathematical precision, and adherence to the rules of the classical orders of architecture (Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian). Artists and architects sought to create works that were inspired by the values and practices of the artists of ancient Greece and Rome.

In literature, Classicism often implies a high regard for the ancient classics as models for style and subject matter. It values traditional forms and structures, precision, restraint, and adherence to established norms of composition and rhetoric.

In music, the Classical period (roughly 1750-1820) was dominated by the likes of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven, and it is characterized by a clear structure, balance, and transparency of sound, contrasting with the complexity and ornamentation of the preceding Baroque period.

Overall, Classicism as a concept transcends the arts and can be seen as an enduring tradition that seeks to capture the timeless quality of the classical heritage, aiming for a universal standard of beauty and excellence.

Question 2

Define the following terms:
-Criminogenic

Accepted Answer

The term "criminogenic" is derived from the field of criminology and is used to describe factors or conditions that are conducive to or likely to cause criminal behavior. It is often used in the context of discussing environments, situations, or characteristics that increase the risk of individuals engaging in acts that are against the law.

Criminogenic factors can be varied and may include social, economic, psychological, or biological elements. For example, poverty, lack of education, peer pressure, substance abuse, and certain personality traits can all be considered criminogenic because they have been found to correlate with higher incidences of criminal activity.

In the context of criminal justice and rehabilitation, understanding criminogenic factors is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent crime and reduce recidivism. Programs and policies aimed at addressing these factors are often part of a comprehensive approach to crime prevention and the reintegration of offenders into society.

Question 3

Define the following terms:
-determinate sentence

Accepted Answer

A determinate sentence is a type of prison sentence that is fixed in length and cannot be altered by a parole board or other agency. This means that the offender is required to serve the full term of the sentence as determined by the court at the time of sentencing, barring any reductions for good behavior or other adjustments that may be allowed by law.

In contrast to an indeterminate sentence, which sets a range of time (e.g., five to ten years) and allows for parole or early release based on the offender's rehabilitation or behavior, a determinate sentence is definitive and provides a clear release date. The purpose of a determinate sentence is to provide a consistent and predictable punishment for certain offenses, often reflecting a "tough on crime" approach that emphasizes the retributive aspect of the criminal justice system.

Determinate sentencing can be seen as a way to ensure that offenders serve a proportionate amount of time for their crimes, as the sentence is typically linked to the severity of the offense. It also removes some of the discretion from parole boards, which can lead to more uniform sentences for similar crimes. However, critics argue that it can be inflexible, failing to take into account individual circumstances or rehabilitation efforts that may warrant early release.

Question 4

Define the following terms:
-deterrence

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-deterrence...

Question 5

Define the following terms:
-diversion

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-diversion...

Question 6

Define the following terms:
-free-willed

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-free-willed...

Question 7

Define the following terms:
-general deterrence

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-general deterrence...

Question 8

Define the following terms:
-hedonistic

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-hedonistic...

Question 9

Define the following terms:
-incapacitation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-incapacitation...

Question 10

Define the following terms:
-indeterminate sentence

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-indeterminate sentence...

Question 11

Define the following terms:
-labeling theory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-labeling theory...

Question 12

Define the following terms:
-mala in se

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-mala in se...

Question 13

Define the following terms:
-mala prohibitum

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-mala prohibitum...

Question 14

Define the following terms:
-paradigm

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-paradigm...

Question 15

Define the following terms:
-Positivism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-Positivism...

Question 16

Define the following terms:
-reintegrative shaming

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-reintegrative shaming...

Question 17

Define the following terms:
-specific deterrence

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following terms:
-specific deterrence...

Question 18

What is the penultimate step in the court process once an individual has been convicted of a crime?

Accepted Answer

Sentencing is the penultimate step in the court process after a conviction, where the judge determines the punishment for the convicted individual.

Question 19

What does the court use in making a final determination of the sentence?

Accepted Answer

The court uses a presentence investigation to gather detailed information about the defendant's background and the circumstances of the offense to aid in determining an appropriate sentence.

Question 20

For the following statements, note whether the description is more characteristic of a determinate sentence, an indeterminate sentence, or both.
-Minimum and maximum sentence lengths are imposed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the following statements, note whether the...

Quiz 3: Correctional Sentencing and Goals

Define the following terms: -Classicism

Define the following terms: -Criminogenic

Define the following terms: -determinate sentence

Define the following terms: -deterrence

Define the following terms: -diversion

Define the following terms: -free-willed

Define the following terms: -general deterrence

Define the following terms: -hedonistic

Define the following terms: -incapacitation

Define the following terms: -indeterminate sentence

Define the following terms: -labeling theory

Define the following terms: -mala in se

Define the following terms: -mala prohibitum

Define the following terms: -paradigm

Define the following terms: -Positivism

Define the following terms: -reintegrative shaming

Define the following terms: -specific deterrence

What is the penultimate step in the court process once an individual has been convicted of a crime?

What does the court use in making a final determination of the sentence?

For the following statements, note whether the description is more characteristic of a determinate sentence, an indeterminate sentence, or both. -Minimum and maximum sentence lengths are imposed.