Data can be converted into information and knowledge by either inductive or deductive reasoning. Most qualitative methods use an inductive approach in which the researcher generates hypotheses (versus the deductive approach typical of quantitative studies, in which hypotheses are tested).

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Inductive reasoning involves generating hypotheses from data, which is common in qualitative research, while deductive reasoning involves testing hypotheses, typical of quantitative research.

Data Can Be Converted into Information and Knowledge by Either